home→Miscellaneous→ Homonyms online. Homonyms are similar words with different meanings (types and examples of homonyms)

Homonyms online. Homonyms are similar words with different meanings (types and examples of homonyms)

Full (absolute) homonyms are homonyms that have the same entire system of forms. For example, key (for a lock) - key (spring), forge (forge) - bugle (wind instrument).
Partial homonyms - homonyms in which not all forms coincide in sound. For example, weasel (animal) And affection (show of affection) diverge in the genitive plural form ( weasels - caresses).
Graphic homonyms. See homographs. (Graphic homonyms in the Wikipedia project are presented in the category of polysemantic terms)
phonetic homonyms. See homophones.
Homonymous morphemes. See homomorphemes.
grammatical homonyms. See homoforms.

Examples

Words

A scythe is on a girl’s head, a scythe is a mowing tool, a scythe is a geographical name (Curonian Spit)
The key is a musical sign, the key is from the door, the key is a natural source of water.
Onion is a plant, onion is a weapon.
Pen - writing (gel, ballpoint, etc.), pen - human hand.

Phrases from homonyms

Mowed with an oblique oblique oblique (a well-known problematic phrase for foreigners):

Homonymy in taxonomy

Links

Homonym- article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Homonyms" are in other dictionaries:

- (Greek) words that coincide with each other in their sound with a complete mismatch of meanings. Example "bow" (weapon) "bow" (plant). Usually, the appearance in the language of O. is explained by an accidental coincidence of once different stems as a result of a series ... ... Literary Encyclopedia

- (Greek homonymos, similar from homos, and onoma name). Words that have the same pronunciation but different meanings or are spelled differently but pronounced the same. For example, a stove pipe and a musical trumpet, flour, like suffering, and ground flour ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Homonyms Homonyms are words that sound the same but have different meanings. For example, "swords" (from the word "sword") and "swords" (from the word "to throw"); “three” (number) and “three” (from the word “rub”), etc. A punning game is built on homonyms (see Pun), and already with ... Dictionary of literary terms

- (from the Greek homos the same and onyma name), different in meaning, but the same sounding and spelling units of the language (words, morphemes, etc.), for example, lynx running and lynx animal ... Modern Encyclopedia

- (from the Greek homos the same and onyma name) different, but the same sounding and spelling units of the language (words, morphemes, etc.), for example. lynx running and lynx animal ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

HOMONYMS- (from the Greek homos - the same + onima - name). Words that belong to the same part of speech and sound the same but have different meanings. Distinguish O. full (in which the whole system of forms coincides), partial (in which they coincide in sound ... ... A new dictionary of methodological terms and concepts (theory and practice of teaching languages)

HOMONYMS- (from Greek homos identical + onoma, onoma name) words with different meanings, which, however, are spelled and pronounced the same way. For example, in English the language of O. are the words pupil (student and pupil), as well as iris (iris and rainbow); in Russian language ... ... Great Psychological Encyclopedia

homonyms- Identical terms denoting different entities. [GOST 34.320 96] Database topics EN homonyms … Technical Translator's Handbook

Homonyms- (from the Greek homos the same and onyma name), different in meaning, but the same sounding and spelling units of the language (words, morphemes, etc.), for example, “lynx” running and “lynx” animal. … Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

homonyms- (other Greek ομος homos the same + onyma, ονυμά name) Words that have the same sound, but different meanings: braid1 (girl's hairstyle), braid2 (tool), braid3 (river spit, peninsula in the form of a narrow shallow). Interlingual homonyms are found ... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

Books

Homonyms of Russian dialect speech, M. Alekseenko, O. Litvinnikova. This is the first attempt at a dictionary of homonyms in Russian dialectal speech. Includes words of different grammatical classes. It belongs to the part-speech explanatory type of dictionaries. Called up…
Turkish-Russian dictionary of synonyms, antonyms and homonyms. Homographs. Interlingual homonyms. Common foreign words. Related foreign words. 12500 words. 7 water dictionaries, E. Genish, A. A. Evseeva. This dictionary contains the most common synonyms, antonyms, homonyms and homographs of the Turkish language, including about 12,500 words. The dictionary consists of 7 parts. In the last three parts...

The Russian language is in the top 10 most famous languages in the world. But in several languages there are words that sound the same but are spelled differently, including in Russian.

The names of such words are homonyms. To learn more about what homonyms are, and what varieties of them exist, you should read this article.

What are homonyms and what are they

"Homonymy" is translated from Greek as "the same name". Homonyms are those words that are similar in writing and pronunciation, but differ in understanding.

For example:

The word "outfit". At the same time, it can mean both the type of clothing and the soldier's outfit.
"Luk" is also considered a homonym. In one sense it is a plant, in another it is a weapon.
The word "shop". One of the meanings of the word "shop" is a trading shop, and the second is an ordinary shop installed in the park, on which people sit.

In our language, full and incomplete homonyms are classified. Complete homonyms are homonyms that are one part of speech. For example, the word “smooth” is a noun with a double meaning: it means a flat plane and a type of embroidery.

In both cases, "smooth" is a noun, the words are heard and written the same way. It can be concluded that, in fact, the word "smooth" is a homonym.

Types of homonyms - homophones, homographs, homoforms

Let's talk about incomplete homonyms. The translation of the word "homograph" from Greek sounds like "the same spelling." In its turn homographs are the same in spelling, similar to each other, but differ in pronunciation and meaning.

The most famous example is the word "castle". When the letter a is emphasized, that is, “lock” is a certain building, and “lock” is a device that locks the door.

Or the word "organ". When stressed on the first vowel, we get the word "Organ" - an element of a living organism, for example, heart, liver. When stressed on the second vowel, we get the word "organ" - a musical instrument.

The word "homophone" also came to us from the Greeks. Translated, it means "similar sound". Based on this, we conclude that Homophones are words that sound the same but are spelled differently. For example, in the expressions “open the door” and “boil dumplings”, the verbs sound exactly the same, but when writing, and, accordingly, in understanding, they are different.

It remains to figure out what homoforms are. Everything is much simpler here. Homoforms are words that do not coincide in writing and pronunciation in all contexts of sentences.

For example, in the expressions "glass of water" and "glass of glass", the word "glass" is a homoform.

Homonyms - examples of words

For children, homonyms are very clearly shown in the following pictures.

Such a concept can be quite explained to a child of 5-6 years old, which is often done by speech therapists, specialized kindergartens and advanced parents.

Dictionary of homonyms of the Russian language

They wrote their own dictionaries for homonyms. In the dictionary of homonyms, written by O. S. Akhmanova, the classification of homonyms and information about them are presented in full and as detailed as possible.

In the dictionary of homonyms, which was created by N. P. Kolesnikov, there is a translation of homonyms into 3 languages.

What helps to distinguish words homonyms

Homonymous words are constantly confused with words that have several definitions, simpler, polysemantic words. Let's figure out what it is?

These are words that have a number of meanings related to each other in meaning. For example, the word hat.

The hat is female, at the nail or mushroom. In these cases, the meaning is not particularly different and means some kind of accessory or some kind of upper part.

Grammatical homonyms

These are words similar in pronunciation, but in spelling they coincide only in certain grammatical forms. For example, the word "treat". It can mean the action "heal" in the first person, singular, or "fly".

Also a good example of this kind of homonyms is the word "three". "Three" can be a verb or the numeral "three" in the dative case.

Functional homonyms

These are words that are similar in spelling and sound, but belong to different parts of speech. They occur due to the transition of words from one part of speech to another.

The most obvious example of this kind of homonyms is the word "exactly". It can be both a comparative particle and an adjective.

“To accurately notice” is an adverb. “Like a hurricane flew by” is a comparative particle. "Definitely" is an adjective.

Lexical homonyms

Words that have different meanings but are the same in pronunciation and writing in almost all forms. They are one part of speech.

A good example is the word "smack". This is a verb that can mean cutting a sewing seam or beating.

Morphological homonyms

These are words that are spelled identically, but depending on the context, are different parts of speech.

The word "bake" is both a noun and a verb. It is possible to understand in what form this word is used only from the context.

Examples:

“Ilya melted the oven so that grandmother could make pies,” here the word “oven” is a noun;
“Grandma was going to bake pies with meat and onions,” in this sentence the word “bake” is a verb.

Homonymous endings

To understand this concept, you first need to remember what a case is. Case is a form of a name that indicates the relationship of words in a sentence.

There are 6 cases in Russian: nominative (I.p.), genitive (R.p.), dative (D.p.), accusative (V.p.), instrumental (T.p.), prepositional (P .P.). Homonymous endings are also found among the case endings.

Homonymous endings are those endings that sound the same, like all homonyms, but have a different grammatical meaning.

For example, the words "sisters" and "vodity". In the first case, the word "sisters" pl. h., I. p, and the word "vodice" unit. hours, R. p.

Summing up, I would like to draw attention to the fact that the topic of homonyms is complicated not so much by the definitions of this concept, but by the variety of species. To fully understand the topic, you need to carefully read and understand all kinds of homonyms and their differences.

Of course, you guessed that the boys did not understand each other, because they were talking about different things, while calling them the same word. This is an example of homonyms. After all, oatmeal is a bird, and oatmeal is also a cereal.

Homonyms Words that are similar in sound and spelling but different in meaning. The word "homonym" comes from two Greek words: omos- the same onimo- name.

Consider examples of homonyms, compare the sound, spelling and meaning of words.

In the sea, a land strip

It's called a braid

And the girl has a braid

Ripe oats.

There is dew on the grass

The scythe mows the grass.

I have one question:

How many braids are there in the world?

Rice. 2. Homonyms: braid ()

Spit- a narrow shoal running from the shore.

Spit- braided hair.

Spit- a tool for mowing grass.

The porridge ripened in the meadow.

Cow Masha eats porridge.

Masha likes lunch:

Nothing tastes better!

Kashka- white clover.

Kashka- a dish of grains boiled in water or milk.

Say "spring" -

And here arose

Runs in the green

Cheerful key murmuring.

And we call the spring the key

(The key to the door has nothing to do with it).

Rice. 3. Homonyms: Key ()

Key- spring.

Key- Locking device.

We are foxes

Friendly sisters.

Well, who are you?

We are foxes too!

How, with one paw?

No, even with a hat.

Rice. 4. Homonyms: Chanterelles ()

Chanterelles- mushrooms.

Chanterelles- animals.

Come learn to shoot with me

And look for me on the ridge.

I can hit the bird accurately

And also I get into cabbage soup.

Rice. 5. Homonyms: Bow ()

Onion- plant.

Polysemantic words and homonyms are spelled the same. The main difference between them is that polysemantic words have something in common in the lexical meaning (color, shape), while the lexical meanings of homonyms are completely different.

If you doubt the definition of a polysemantic word or homonym, an explanatory dictionary will come to your aid. Consider the difference in the entry of dictionary entries:

The root is a polysemantic word that has several meanings:

1. The underground part of plants.

2. The inner part of the hair, tooth.

3. Beginning, source of something (figurative).

4. Significant part of the word.

In the dictionary of a polysemantic word, each of its meanings is indicated by a number.

Consider how homonyms are represented in the dictionary. For example:

A faucet is a shut-off device in the form of a tube for the release of liquid or gas.

A crane is a machine for lifting and moving goods over short distances.

In the dictionary, homonyms have a separate dictionary entry.

It is possible to determine the meaning of homonyms only when the word is used in a phrase or in a sentence.

Let's complete the task.

Let's look at the pictures. Let's make sentences or phrases with homonyms to show their different lexical meanings.

1. Fluffy mink.

2. Deep mink.

Rice. 11. Homonyms: Mink ()

1. We saw a picture with a predatory lynx.

2. The horse was trotting.

Rice. 12. Homonyms: Lynx ()

1. Do not pollute the environment.

2. Grandmother will arrive on Wednesday.

Rice. 13. Homonyms: Wednesday ()

So, we learned that in Russian there are words that are spelled and pronounced the same way, but have different lexical meanings. These words are called homonyms.

Homonyms are often used in puzzles and riddles, for example:

What fabric can not be used to sew a shirt?

From the railway.

What faucet can't drink from?

From the lift.

In which cage are birds and animals not kept?

In the chest.

Which forests do not have game?

In construction.

What kind of belt can not be girdled?

Klimanova L.F., Babushkina T.V. Russian language. 2. - M.: Enlightenment, 2012 (http://www.twirpx.com/file/1153023/)
Buneev R.N., Buneeva E.V., Pronina O.V. Russian language. 2. - M.: Balass.
Ramzaeva T.G. Russian language. 2. - M.: Bustard.

Bukina-69.ucoz.ru ().
toyskola.ucoz.ru ().
Festival of pedagogical ideas "Open Lesson" ().

Klimanova L.F., Babushkina T.V. Russian language. 2. - M.: Enlightenment, 2012. P2. Do ex. 33, 34 p. 25.
Choose homonyms for these words. Make up sentences to understand the meaning of the words.

Castle, foam, cream.

* Using the knowledge gained in the lesson, come up with riddles or puzzles, where the answers are homonymous words.

Homonyms Words that are similar in sound and spelling but different in meaning. The word "homonym" comes from two Greek words: omos- the same onimo- name.

Consider examples of homonyms, compare the sound, spelling and meaning of words.

In the sea, a land strip

It's called a braid

And the girl has a braid

Ripe oats.

There is dew on the grass

The scythe mows the grass.

I have one question:

How many braids are there in the world?

Rice. 2. Homonyms: braid ()

Spit- a narrow shoal running from the shore.

Spit- braided hair.

Spit- a tool for mowing grass.

The porridge ripened in the meadow.

Cow Masha eats porridge.

Masha likes lunch:

Nothing tastes better!

Kashka- white clover.

Kashka- a dish of grains boiled in water or milk.

Say "spring" -

And here arose

Runs in the green

Cheerful key murmuring.

And we call the spring the key

(The key to the door has nothing to do with it).

Rice. 3. Homonyms: Key ()

Key- spring.

Key- Locking device.

We are foxes

Friendly sisters.

Well, who are you?

We are foxes too!

How, with one paw?

No, even with a hat.

Rice. 4. Homonyms: Chanterelles ()

Chanterelles- mushrooms.

Chanterelles- animals.

Come learn to shoot with me

And look for me on the ridge.

I can hit the bird accurately

And also I get into cabbage soup.

Rice. 5. Homonyms: Bow ()

Onion- plant.

If you doubt the definition of a polysemantic word or homonym, an explanatory dictionary will come to your aid. Consider the difference in the entry of dictionary entries:

The root is a polysemantic word that has several meanings:

1. The underground part of plants.

2. The inner part of the hair, tooth.

3. Beginning, source of something (figurative).

4. Significant part of the word.

In the dictionary of a polysemantic word, each of its meanings is indicated by a number.

Consider how homonyms are represented in the dictionary. For example:

A faucet is a shut-off device in the form of a tube for the release of liquid or gas.

A crane is a machine for lifting and moving goods over short distances.

In the dictionary, homonyms have a separate dictionary entry.

It is possible to determine the meaning of homonyms only when the word is used in a phrase or in a sentence.

Let's complete the task.

Let's look at the pictures. Let's make sentences or phrases with homonyms to show their different lexical meanings.

1. Fluffy mink.

2. Deep mink.

Rice. 11. Homonyms: Mink ()

1. We saw a picture with a predatory lynx.

2. The horse was trotting.

Rice. 12. Homonyms: Lynx ()

1. Do not pollute the environment.

2. Grandmother will arrive on Wednesday.

Rice. 13. Homonyms: Wednesday ()

So, we learned that in Russian there are words that are spelled and pronounced the same way, but have different lexical meanings. These words are called homonyms.

Homonyms are often used in puzzles and riddles, for example:

What fabric can not be used to sew a shirt?

From the railway.

What faucet can't drink from?

From the lift.

In which cage are birds and animals not kept?

In the chest.

Which forests do not have game?

In construction.

What kind of belt can not be girdled?

Klimanova L.F., Babushkina T.V. Russian language. 2. - M.: Enlightenment, 2012 (http://www.twirpx.com/file/1153023/)
Buneev R.N., Buneeva E.V., Pronina O.V. Russian language. 2. - M.: Balass.
Ramzaeva T.G. Russian language. 2. - M.: Bustard.

Bukina-69.ucoz.ru ().
toyskola.ucoz.ru ().
Festival of pedagogical ideas "Open Lesson" ().

Klimanova L.F., Babushkina T.V. Russian language. 2. - M.: Enlightenment, 2012. P2. Do ex. 33, 34 p. 25.
Choose homonyms for these words. Make up sentences to understand the meaning of the words.

Castle, foam, cream.

* Using the knowledge gained in the lesson, come up with riddles or puzzles, where the answers are homonymous words.

Plan

1. Reasons for the appearance of homonyms. The nature of homonymy.

2. Varieties of homonyms.

3. Ways to distinguish between homonymous words.

4. Stylistic use of homonyms in speech.

5. Dictionaries of homonyms of the Russian language.

With polysemy (polysemy), sound unity is always combined with greater or lesser semantic unity. No matter how many meanings a word has, something in common must remain between all the meanings. However, in Russian there are many similar-sounding words that have nothing in common in meaning. For example, club (smoke) – club (university); onion (plant) – onion (tool);outfit (clothes) – outfit (document); salt (substance) – salt (note) etc.

Words that sound the same but have different, unrelated lexical meanings are called homonyms(from the Greek homos - the same, onima - name). The phenomenon of coincidence in the sound of unrelated words is called homonymy.

Taking into account the lexico-morphological and phonetic features, the following are conditionally distinguished:

1) lexical homonyms;

2) morphological, or grammatical, homonyms (homoforms);

3) phonetic homonyms (homophones);

4) graphic homonyms (homographs).

1. Lexical homonyms words are called with different meanings, but the same sound and spelling in all correlative forms, for example: key (spring) – key (master key), outfit (clothes) – outfit (business document) and others.

There are two types of lexical homonyms: complete (absolute) and incomplete (partial).

Full lexical homonyms words are called that coincide in sound and spelling in all grammatical forms: cell (avian) – cell (nervous), shop (bench) – shop (small commercial space) etc.

Incomplete lexical homonyms- these are words that belong to one part of speech, but for which not all grammatical forms coincide: tact (metric musical unit) – tact (a sense of proportion that creates the ability to behave decently, appropriately) - the second member of the homonymous series does not have a plural form; bury (from verb . bury- put in the ground, fall asleep: bury a treasure ) – bury (from verb. drip, drip- for example, enter somewhere, dripping: put medicine in the nose ).

Homonymous verbs have the same imperfective forms ( I'm burying, I've been burying, I'll be burying); forms of real participles of the present and past tense ( digging, digging); but there is no match in the forms of the perfect form ( bury - bury etc.).

Lexical homonyms belong to words of the same part of speech.

2. Phonetic homonyms (homophones from the Greek homos - the same + phone - sound) – These are words that have the same sound shell, but different spelling:

company (a group of people) – campaign (event); not mine (possessive pronoun with a negative particle not) – dumb (adjective); Pine (noun dream with a pretext co in the form of a genus. P.) - Pine (evergreen coniferous tree with small cones) etc.

3. Grammatical homonyms (homoforms)- these are words that coincide in sound and spelling only in separate grammatical forms:

saw (noun) - saw (from the verb drink- in the form of the past tense of the feminine gender); flying (from the verb fly in the form of the indicative mood of the 1st person singular) - flying (from the verb treat);bet (noun) - bet (from the verb soar in the singular imperative), etc.

4. Graphic homonyms (homographs from the Greek homos - the same + grapho - I write) - these are words that have the same spelling, but differ in stress:

road (feminine noun) – expensive (short form of the adjective from dear); se ́ lo (from the verb sit down form of the indicative mood of the past tense of the neuter gender) - village (noun); parit (from the verb Pá rut) - soars (from the verb bet́ be) etc.

The distinction between homonymous words and polysemantic words presents great difficulties, since both of them have the same sound shell. One of the ways to distinguish between homonymy and polysemy is the selection of synonyms for words, the selection of words with the same root and the comparison of word forms; establishing the lexical compatibility of words, as well as their syntactic compatibility; An important role is played by etymological information about the words-homonyms:

platform (apron; new, under construction, high) – platform (action program; political, old); braid(pigtail, braid - root "kos") – braid (mow); teak (French - nervous disease) - teak (English - tree species) - teak (Dutch - fabric), etc.

The existence of polysemy and homonomy creates certain difficulties in the use of words. The specific meaning of the word is revealed in the context, so the context must ensure the correct understanding of the word, otherwise it may lead to ambiguity, inaccuracy.

For example: Paying attention tocanvas , he [the restorer] studied it for several days ... It is not clear to the reader whatcanvas the restorer studied - a work of painting, a picture or a fabric on which a picture is written.

Another example: sightseerslistened to group leader's clarification. (It is not clear whether they listened carefully to the leader or skipped his explanations.)

Polysemy and homonymy are used to make the text expressive.

One of the most common techniques based on the use of polysemy and homonymy is pun, play on words. As a rule, a pun is a means of creating humor and satire, because in a pun there is an ambiguity of the statement as a result of combining several meanings in one word, as well as playing around with words with different meanings:

It's who's arrowed out Luke

Shot off the head Luke?

I am not words, I am dumb ,

It was definitely a shot not mine . (Y. Kozlovsky)

Rain goes. Snow goes. Goes rumor on earth. controversy go . Conversations ... (F. Krivin).

Polysemy and homonymy are quite fully represented in explanatory dictionaries. However, not all cases of homonymization of words are given in them equally consistently and clearly. Yes, the word agent in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" by D.N. Ushakov is interpreted as one polysemantic word, and in the "Dictionary of the Russian Language" in 4 volumes, in the "Dictionary of the Russian Language" by S.I. Ozhegov (starting from the 9th edition) and "Dictionary of Homonyms of the Russian Language" by O.S. Akhmanova - as two different words-homonyms. Another example, words basis, surface in the "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" edited by D.N. Ushakov and in the "Dictionary of the Russian Language" by S.I. Ozhegov are given as polysemantic words (that is, one dictionary entry is given for each), and in the "Dictionary of Russian Homonyms language" by O.S. Akhmanova - as homonyms (four articles are given for two articles).

All of the above testifies, first of all, to the complexity of the very problem of distinguishing between homonymy and polysemy, and sometimes to an insufficiently rigorous and consistent approach to this issue.

In 1974, the first "Dictionary of Homonyms of the Russian Language" was published, compiled by O.S. Akhmanova.

In 1976, N.P. Kolesnikov's Dictionary of Homonyms of the Russian Language was published in Tbilisi. In 1978, the second edition of this dictionary was published, which differs significantly from the previous one.

The journal "Russian Language at School" (1983-1985) published for the first time the "Concise Derivative-Etymological Dictionary of Russian Polysemy and Single-Root Homonymy" by N.M. Shansky, N.N. Romanov, A.V. Filippov.

Homonyms(ancient Greek ὁμός - the same + ὄνομα - name) - words, morphemes and other units of the language that are different in meaning, but the same in sound and spelling. The term was introduced by Aristotle. Not to be confused with homophones, homographs, homoforms and paronyms.

In relation to words belonging to the same parts of speech, linguistics often distinguishes between homonymy and polysemy. homonymy is a random match of words, while polysemy- the presence of a word of different historically related meanings. For example, the words "boron" in the meaning of "pine forest" and "boron" in the meaning of " chemical element"are homonyms, since the first word is of Slavic origin, and the second arose from the Persian "borax" - the name of one of the boron compounds. At the same time, for example, the words "ether" in the sense of organic matter and "ether" in the sense of "broadcasting and television" are called by linguists the meanings of one word, that is, polysemy, since both come from other Greek. αἰθήρ - mountain air.

However, another part of linguists draws the line between polysemy and homonymy in a different way. Namely, if most people see a common shade of meaning in two coinciding words (as linguists say, “a common semantic element”), then this is polysemy, and if they do not see it, then this is homonymy, even if the words have a common origin. For example, in the words "braid" (tool) and "braid" (hairstyle), the common semantic element most people notice is "something long and thin".

Finally, some linguists consider all separate meanings of polysemantic words to be homonyms. In this case, polysemy is a special case of homonymy.

Coinciding words related to different parts of speech, all or almost all Russian linguists unconditionally refer to homonyms. Examples of such homonyms are "flow" (flow) and "flow" (flow).

Full (absolute) homonyms are homonyms that have the same entire system of forms. For example, attire (clothes) - outfit (order), forge (forge) - bugle (wind instrument).

Partial homonyms - homonyms for which not all forms coincide. For example, weasel (animal) And affection (show of affection) diverge in the genitive plural form ( weasels - caresses).

Grammatical homonyms, or homoforms, are words that coincide only in separate forms (of the same part of speech or different parts of speech). For example, the numeral three and verb to rub coincide only in two forms (to three - we are three, three apples - three are stronger!).