Have to modal verb sentence examples. Modal verbs have to and must

Statement

Have to in the present tense it changes depending on the actor (subject) and number, unlike other modal verbs (should, must and others).

Has- use with the third person singular ( He, She, It).

• I have to get up at five every Sunday. I have to get up at five in the morning every Sunday.
• Ann has to go to hospital. Ann needs to go to the hospital.
• We have to walk all the way home because we can't catch a taxi. We have to walk home as we can't get a taxi.

In the past time have to takes shape had for all persons singular and plural.

• Last summer I had to get up at five every Sunday. Last summer I had to get up at five in the morning every Sunday.
• We had to walk all the way home because we couldn't catch a taxi. We had to walk home as we couldn't get a taxi.
• Janice had to visit her dentist last Monday. Janice had to go to her dentist last Monday.

The future tense is formed by the construction will have to for all persons singular and plural. Very rare for the first persons I And We used shall have to.

• Next summer I shall have to get up at five every Sunday. Next summer I will have to get up at five in the morning every Sunday.

• I will be a bit busy tomorrow. I will have to take my dog ​​to the vet.- I'll be a little busy tomorrow. I will have to take my dog ​​to the vet.
• my friends will have to pick me up at 6 p.m. My friends will need to pick me up at 6 pm.

When forming a passive voice (Passive Voice), the construction is also used have to and passive infinitive.

• You did a great job! You have to be promoted to general manager.- You did a great job! You will have to be promoted to general manager.
• This project has to be approved tomorrow morning. This project must be approved tomorrow morning.
• His advice has to be taken into account.“His advice must be heeded.

Negation

Negative offer with have to in the present and past tenses is formed with the help of an auxiliary verb to do in negative form ( do not, does not, did not) or auxiliary verb to be for future tense ( will not). Such sentences will be translated as " not necessary», « no need», « not necessary to do something».

• We do not have to be in a hurry. We still have plenty of time.“We don't need to hurry. We still have plenty of time.
• You don "t have to wear a suit to work but if you like it you can. You don't have to wear a suit at work, but if you like, you can do it.
• She didn't have to tell the whole story. We had already heard it. She didn't have to tell the whole story. We've heard it before.
• You won "t have to pay for that broken vase. You won't have to pay for that broken vase.

To express prohibition or categorical prohibition in the present tense have to is always replaced by must in negative form ( must not).

• You don't have to come here. You don't have to come here.
• You mustn't come here. You are not allowed to come here.
• must not = mustn't

Question

Interrogative sentence with have to formed with an auxiliary verb to do(or will for the future tense) standing in desired form at the beginning of a sentence or after question words ( Who, why, When, Where, how and others).

• You have to go.- You need to go. (Statement)
• Do you have to go?- You need to go?

• Does Michael have to work on Sunday? Does Michael have to work on Sunday?
• When do you have to go there?– When do you need to go there?
• Did he have to call you? Should he have called you?
• Will I have to pay for the broken vase? Will I have to pay for the broken vase?

Features of use

Probability Expression

Design have to also expresses the probability, certainty, confidence in something of the speaker and is translated as " should be», « maybe", "T full-time". In this case have to used only in the present tense (in the form of a construction have to be or has to be) and can be replaced with must .

• I have to be misunderstood.
• I must be misunderstood.“I must have been misunderstood.

• It has to be really difficult to survive in a desert.
• It must be really difficult to survive in a desert.“It must be really hard to survive in the desert.

• That girl has to be Ann.
• That girl must be Ann. That girl must be Ann.

When forming an assumption in negative form have to is replaced by must in negative form ( must not).

• That guy has to be Paul. That guy must be Paul.
• No, that mustn't be Paul. Paul is tall and besides, he is blond. No, it can't be Paul. The floor is tall, and, besides, blond.

Have to or Have got to

Often, especially in spoken English, instead of have to construction can be found have got to(as the Present Perfect form of the verb to get). The difference between these designs is almost indistinguishable, they freely replace each other.

The difference is that have to may indicate a repetitive action, and have got to- to the concrete, although native speakers themselves rarely distinguish between these constructions. Also have got to used only in the present tense.

• This time we have got to be ready for the battle!“This time we must be ready for battle!”
• Oh dear, I have got to do all this work by myself!“Oh no, I have to do all the work alone!”
• Matt has got to go right now. Matt must leave now.
• She has got to be careful after that awful accident.“She must be careful after that terrible incident.

When forming a question and a negative form, the construction have got to does not need an auxiliary verb to do.

• Have you got to watch your little sister tonight? Do you have to look after your little sister tonight?
• Has someone got to take Harry to school today? Should someone take Harry to school today?
• why have you got to do this today? Why should you do it today?
• Who has got to do all this work? Who should do all this work?

• have not = haven't
• I "m happy I haven't got to go anywhere today. I'm glad I don't have to go anywhere today.

• has not = hasn't
• my mom hasn't got to take Harry to school today. My mother doesn't need to take Harry to school today.

Form Got to

Sometimes have got to can also be simplified to the form got to especially in modern colloquial English. got to used only to express the present tense. In spoken English, the form is also often used gotta(short for got to).

• You can say whatever you want but you still got to work to earn some money for living.“You can say whatever you want, but you still have to work to earn some money for a living.
• I got to help Alice even though I don't have plenty of time for that. I have to help Alice, although I don't have too much time for that.
• I know you want me to stay but, i'm sorry, i really gotta go.“I know you want me to stay, but sorry, I really have to go.

Have to or Must?

In many cases have to can replace the modal verb must , which also indicates the need to do something.

• Oh, it's later than I thought. I must go now.
• Oh, it's later than I thought. I have to go now. Oh, it's later than I thought. I have to go.

• You must have a passport to go abroad.
• You have to have a passport to go abroad. You must have a passport to travel abroad.

However, there are certain differences in the use of the construction have to and verb must.

Design have to has the forms of the present, past ( had to) and future tense ( will have to). The verb must itself is used in only one form and to a greater extent expresses personal decisions, sensations, feelings.

• Active Voice
• Peter must leave the city today. Peter must leave town today. (the present)
• Peter had to leave the city the next day. Peter had to leave the city the next day. (past)

• I must read this book now.– I have to read this book now. (the present)
• I will have to read this book next semester. I will have to read this book next semester. (future)

• Passive Voice
• It must be done right now!- This must be done now! (the present)
• It had to be done yesterday.– It should have been done yesterday. (past)

Also design have to carries the connotation of the need to do something because of the prevailing circumstances, and not of one’s own free will, that is, it can be translated as “ account for», « forced», « must".

• I have to stay at home because my mother asked me to. I have to stay at home because my mother asked me to. (Must not voluntarily)
• You have to help your sister because you have promised you would.“You must help your sister because you promised her you would.”
• He can't keep this puppy. He has to give it back to the owner even if he doesn't want to. He can't keep this puppy. He is obliged to return it to the owner, even if he does not want to do this.

Have or Have to

It is necessary to distinguish between expressions have to do / tell / show something And have something to do / tell / show.

• have as a regular verb
• I have something to tell you.“I want to tell you something.

• have to as modaldesign
• I have to tell you something.“I have to tell you something.

In the first example, the verb have used as an ordinary verb expressing the presence of information or an object that the speaker wants to talk about. In the second sentence have to used as a modal construct and conveys a specific need for action.

• I have something to do this weekend. I have something to do this weekend.
• I have to do something this weekend. I have to do something this weekend.

• Jack has something to show to his friend. Jack wants to show something to his friend.
• Jack has to show something to his friend. Jack has to show something to his friend.

Modal verbs are verbs with which we can express an attitude towards an action (necessity, obligation, possibility or probability). Let's look at one of the modal verbs - the verb ' haveto', which is used in English language to express the need to perform an action or the obligation to perform it due to any circumstances.

USING THE MODAL VERB ‘HAVETO' AND ITS VALUES

It is important to note that the modal verb have to can be used in any tense:

I have to work from 8am to 5pm.

I have to work from 8 am to 5 pm.

Yesterday I had to go to the doctor.

Yesterday I had to go to the doctor.

I'll have to fix my car, it's broken again.

I need to fix the car, it broke down again.

I haven't had to go to the dentist for 2 years.

I have not been going to the dentist for two years (I do not have such a need).

Note that the modal verb have to forms the interrogative and negative forms in the same way as ordinary verbs, with the help of auxiliary do, does, did. In the negative form, the modal verb have to has the meaning DO NOT NEED.

I don't have to get up early, because I don't work tomorrow.

I don't have to get up early, I don't work tomorrow.

The bus wasn't late, so I didn't have to wait.

The bus was not late, so I didn't have to wait (I didn't have to).

Do you have to work late every day?

Do you have to work late every day?

Did she have to wait for a long time?

Did she have to wait long?

We can use ' have got to' instead of have to, since these modal verbs are interchangeable. The main difference between ‘have to’ and ‘have got to’ is that ‘ have to’ is used to express a constant or habitual need, and ‘ have got to' used to express a single need:

I have to finish my work at 6 p.m.. every day.

Every day I have to finish my work at 6 pm.

I have got to finish my work at 5 o'clock tomorrow.

Tomorrow I have to finish my work at 5 o'clock.

In English, modal verbs express the attitude of the speaker to the content of the utterance. In one of our previous articles, we already considered the main characteristics of modal verbs and talked about the verbs can and may.
In continuation of this topic, we will consider the features of using another group of modal verbs: must, have to, be to.

Must

Must is a pure modal verb that has only one form and can characterize an attitude towards an action in the present or future tense. After must the semantic verb is used in the initial form without a particle to:

You must take the pills.- You must take your medicine.
You must finish the work tomorrow. - You have to finish the work tomorrow.

1. Must expresses the need to perform any action due to personal beliefs, circumstances, principles and is translated must, must.

This verb is the most categorical in this group. In affirmative sentences, he expresses the greatest degree debt And strong recommendation, and in negation it will acquire the meaning categorical prohibition:

He must see the doctor. - He needs (it is simply necessary, otherwise the matter will end in tears) to see a doctor./ circumstances

We must see the film. - We must see this film (this is not to be missed)./ personal beliefs

He musn't enter my room. He is not allowed to enter my room./ categorical prohibition in an orderly tone

2. In the second person (when using the pronoun you) modal verb must expresses direct order:

You must listen to me. - You must listen to me.

3. In function must includes the expression speculation that borders on certainty. Here we are talking about high probability (for sure, it should be):

You must be joking. - You must be joking.

He must be ill. - He's probably sick.

For Expression negative probability (probably not/should not be) you should use a negative adverb never or negative particles / prefixes.
It should be noted that the proposal will acquire the character of a categorical prohibition as soon as must joins not. Compare two examples:

You must never have seen this film. You must not have seen this movie.

You mustn't see this film. - You shouldn't watch this movie.

Linguists refer verbs be to And have to to modal equivalents, since these verbs can also be used in a sentence on their own and be auxiliary.

Have to

In terms of modality have to expresses the need to take action, which is caused by circumstances (forced, must, must). Here comes the total absence of voluntary striving:

I have to finish this painting. - I need to finish this picture.(although I no longer have any desire to do so).

She had to come to the party. Her boss asked her to. She had to go to the party because her boss asked her to.

1. Verb have to cannot form interrogative and negative sentences independently and needs the help of an auxiliary do/do/did:

Do you have to make the report? - Do you have to make a report?

2. In negative sentences have to speaks from no need and expresses the meaning not necessary, not necessary:

3. Unlike must modal verb have to used at any time in any form. Moreover, it is the form had to is the equivalent must in the past time:

I must do it. - I must do it./ present simple

I had to do it. - I had to do it./ Past Simple

Be to

Be to expresses in a modal sense the need to take action due to some kind of schedule or plan. In most cases, the use of this verb directly depends on the indication of the time frame:

We are to leave in 20 minutes. - We have to leave in 20 minutes.

1. Be to can be used in the present and past tense and express duty / position. It is represented by its forms depending on the person performing the action:

He was to come in an hour. - He was supposed to come in an hour.

When are you to see the doctor? - When are you going to see the doctor?

2. Also be to used to express categorical prohibition. Similar suggestions can be found in the rules of use or the rules of conduct in public places:

Visitors are not to take photos. - No photography allowed.

3. In a modal sense be to expresses fundamental impossibility any action:

This research is not to be done in one day. - This study cannot be done in one day.

They are not to grow up in one night. - They won't grow overnight. / It's impossible.

We wish you an interesting practice and success in your studies!

Victoria Tetkina

The modal verbs must and have to often raise a lot of questions among English learners. What is the difference between must and have to? What is the grammatical correct way to use them in sentences? In our article you will find answers to these questions.

Features of the use of have to and must

Have to

The modal verb have to (to be forced, to be due, it is necessary) has features of use in sentences:

• After have to we use the verb in the initial form.

  I have to go now. - me now Need to go.

• The verb have to in the present tense changes its form depending on the person: has to is used with he, she, it, and have to with I, you, we, they.

  She has to pretend that she is interested in her job. - She has to pretend that she is interested in her job.

• To form interrogative sentences with have to, we use auxiliary verbs: in the present tense - do and does, in the past tense - did, in the future tense - will.

  Do you have to go the grocery store or do you shop online? - You account for go to the grocery store, or do you shop online?
  Did she have to work around the clock? - To her had work around the clock?

• In negative sentences with have to, add not after the auxiliary verb.

  I don't have to go to school. I study at home. - To me no need go to school. I study at home.

• In the past tense, the verb have to changes to had to, and in the future tense, will is added to have to.

  I had to move out. - To me had to move out.
  I will have to refuse. - To me have to refuse.

The table shows different types sentences with the modal verb have to.

In everyday life, you can often find the expression have got to, which is shortened to ‘ve got to’ or even gotta. This expression is synonymous with have to.

I 've got to go. = I gotta go. My mom is waiting for me. - To me necessary go. Mom is waiting for me.

Also have got to is used to express an assumption about something or the likelihood of something.

You 've got to be kidding me. - You, should be are you kidding me?

The expression have got to can only be used in the present tense; in other tenses, have to is used.

We 've got to do something about it! - US necessary do something about it!
We will have to stay at home tonight. The weather is horrible. - US have to stay home tonight. The weather is terrible.

Have to can be used after other modal verbs. For example, we can use may or might before have to to indicate that something can happen.

My cousin may have to drop out of school and start to work. - To my cousin, maybe, have to quit school and start working.
We might have to work overtime next week. - Maybe, US have to work overtime next week.

Must

The modal verb must (must, must) is used according to all the canons and rules of modal verbs:

• After must, we use the semantic verb without the to particle.

  I must phone her. - I should call to her.
  You must listen to your teacher. - You obligated to listen your teacher.

• You do not need to add the ending -s to must in sentences with pronouns he, she, it.

  Alice is being really rude. She must watch her language. - Alice is being very rude. She must watch the language.
  He must try harder to get the promotion. - He needs try harder to get promoted.

• In negative sentences, add not after must.

  You must not bully your classmates! - You it is forbidden tease your classmates!
  Must I fill in this form? - To me necessary complete this form?

Let's see how sentences with the modal must are constructed correctly.

The modal must is not used in the Past Simple and Future Simple, instead the verb have to is used.

I must listen to my boss's advice. - I should listen to the advice of the boss.
I had to listen to my boss's advice when I worked there. - I should have listened to the advice of the boss when he worked there.
I will have to listen to my boss's advice if I want to work there. - To me will have to listen to the boss's advice if I want to work there.

Difference between must and have to: affirmative form

In the affirmative form, the modal verbs must and have to have several functions that are similar to each other. Nevertheless, each of these verbs has its own shade in meaning and features of use. Let's take a closer look at the difference between must and have to.

1. Duty and coercion

   By using the modal verb must, the speaker emphasizes his own belief that something must be done. He is convinced that this is necessary and correct.

   I must finish the report by the end of the week. Otherwise I won't meet the deadline. - I must finish report by the end of the week. Otherwise, I won't make it on time. (the decision is made independently on the basis of their own beliefs)

   Have to is used when external circumstances force us to do something.

   I have to finish the report by the end of the week. My boss will be really mad if I don't. - To me need to finish report by the end of the week. My boss will get very angry if I don't. (the decision was made under the influence of external factors)

   Let's look at two more examples that show the difference between must and have to:

   People must stop using plastic bags. There are some more environmentally friendly options for shopping. - People should stop use plastic bags. There are more environmentally friendly shopping options.
   I hope that some law will be made soon and people will have to stop using plastic bags. They are so harmful to the environment! - I hope they will soon adopt some kind of law and people have to stop use plastic bags. They are so harmful to the environment!

   In the first example, the emphasis is on the speaker's personal opinion - he is sure that everyone should stop using plastic bags. The second example shows how external factors can influence the situation. If people stop using plastic bags, it will not be of their own accord, but because the law will force them to.

2. Advice and recommendation

   Both must and have to can be used when you want to tell someone to do something. Must is a stronger verb and can be used to make strong recommendations. Have to - the verb is softer and does not carry a shade of persistence. But, of course, a lot depends on your intonation and context.

   You really must stop eating fast food. - you really should stop there is fast food.
   You have to try this pasta. It's so delicious! - You gotta try this paste. She's so delicious!

   When you have children, a big car is a must. - When you have kids, big car - need.
   English is a must if you want to have a well-paid job. - English language - mandatory requirement if you want a well paying job.

   There are also several stable phrases with must:

   • a must-do - what needs to be done;
   • a must-have - something that everyone should have;
   • a must-see - something that you should definitely see.

   Visiting Buckingham Palace is a must-do for this trip. - Visit Buckingham Palace - mandatory item on this trip.
   A little black dress is a must-have for every girl. - Little black dress - then, what exactly should be every girl.
   This new James Cameron's film is a must-see. - This new film by James Cameron - required viewing.

   You must ask for permission. - You must ask permissions. (this is a must, you have no other choice)
   You should ask for permission. - You should be asked permissions. (this is not required at all, but it is better to do it)

3. Assumption and Probability

   The modal verb must is used when it is necessary to make an assumption about something. These assumptions should be based on some facts, be a logical conclusion or conclusion. In this case, must is translated into Russian as "should be", "most likely", "probably".

   I saw his car. He must be at work. - I saw his car. Must be, he is at work.
   It must be him. He has the same black jacket. - This, probably, is he. He has the same black jacket.

   Please note that when an assumption is made in Present Continuous (present continuous), we use the following scheme:

   The children must be doing their homework now. It's very quiet. - Children, should be, do homework. Very quiet.

   And when the assumption concerns the past, we use the Present Perfect (present perfect tense):

   They are never late. Something must have happened. - They are never late. Must be, something happened.

   Please note that native speakers often abbreviate must have to must'ev in speech. Listen how does this sound.

Difference between must and have to: negative form

What is the difference between must and have to when forming a negative form? These modal verbs take on very different functions.

The negative form must not (mustn't) is translated as "not allowed", "forbidden". Use mustn't when something is against the rules, laws, or when asking someone not to do something because you think it's a bad idea.

You must not drive so fast. There is a speed limit. - You it is forbidden go so fast. There is a speed limit here.
You must not be here. This room is only for staff. - You should not be here. This room is for staff only.

The negative form don't have to expresses the lack of need to do something. It translates as "no need", "no need". When using don’t have to, there is an opportunity to do something, but there is no need for it, unlike must.

You don't have to drive so fast. We are not late, don't worry. - Not necessary go so fast. We're not late, don't worry.
You don't have to help me. I can do it on my own. - You not necessary help me. I can handle myself.

A synonym for don't have to - don't need to (not necessary).

You don't have to (don't need to) answer now. take your time. - You no need answer now. You can take your time.

The following examples clearly demonstrate the difference between must not and don't have to:

You mustn't work now. It's bad for your health. - You forbidden to work now. This is bad for your health. (the doctor said it was forbidden to work)
You don't have to work now. We won a lot of money. - Now you don't have to work. We won a lot of money. (you can work if you want, but it's not necessary)

Difference between must and have to: interrogative form

What is the difference between must and have to when building questions? Most often, the modal verb have to is used in questions. Use it when you want to know if something is really worth doing, if there is a need for it.

Do I really have to buy her flowers? - I really necessary buy her flowers?
Will we have to work on weekends? - US have to work weekends?

Must in interrogative sentences occurs only in formal speech, this is considered an obsolete form.

Must I really go to that meeting? - I am really must go to this meeting?

Also use have to in an interrogative form to express criticism or annoyance. In this case have to translates as "necessarily". Please note that such questions are often accompanied by the word always (always). Must in this meaning is rarely used.

Do you always have to be late? - You necessarily always late?
Does she always have to pretend to be so nice? - She always definitely need pretend to be cute?
Must you always embarrass me? - You necessarily always embarrass me?

We hope you now have a better understanding of the difference between must and have to. We offer you to take a short test to start boldly using these modal verbs in speech.

Test on the topic "Modal verbs must and have to"

The verb to have in English is presented with examples.

This verb in English serves to indicate the meanings to own, to have, to possess.

For example:
Sometimes I have free time - Sometimes I have free time.

If we are talking about the constant presence of something, then negative and interrogative sentences with the verb to have are composed using the auxiliary verb to do. Explore a few examples.

Do your friends have much free time? Do your friends have a lot of free time? (in general, as a rule).
Yes, they often have a lot of free time - Yes, they often have a lot of free time.
No, they don't have much free time - No, they don't have enough free time.

Does Mary have a car? Does Mary have a car?
No, she doesn't have a car - No, she doesn't have a car.

At the same time, when we are talking about a single specific situation of having something, interrogative and negative sentences are built differently - without using the auxiliary verb to do. Such sentences are formed by putting have in the required form before the subject. It should be borne in mind that these sentences are usually composed using the have (has) got turnover, that is, negative and interrogative sentences are formed by putting have (has) before the subject. Explore a few examples.

It's raining now. Have you got an umbrella today? - It's raining. Do you have an umbrella today? This sentence could also have been written differently: Have you an umbrella today? (but the first option is preferable).
I haven't got time for conversation - I don't have time to talk.
My sister has got a lot of work today - My sister has a lot of work today.

To make the difference clearer, consider the following two sentences:

Does your son often have headaches? - Does your son often have headaches (suffers from headaches, is prone to headaches)?
Has your son got a headache? - Your son headache? (Currently).

There are a number of nouns in English that, when used with the verb have, have a special meaning in which have is not translated as having. For example, such expressions include: to have lessons - to do, to have supper - to have dinner, to have dinner - to have lunch. Thus, the verb have in combination with these nouns indicates a process. Explore a few examples.

I usually have dinner with my colleagues - I usually have lunch with my colleagues.
I have classes in the evening - I have lessons in the evening.

When constructing interrogative and negative sentences with similar combinations, the auxiliary verb to do is used.

I don't have classes in June I don't have lessons in June.
Where do you usually have supper? - Where do you usually have dinner?

It should be noted that these combinations can take the form of Continuous tenses.

What are you doing now? - What are you doing now?
I am having breakfast - I have breakfast.

When forming affirmative sentences in the past tense, the corresponding form of the verb to have is used - had. In the same way, in the past tense, sentences are built with various turns and combinations, which include have.
Study an example.

Kate and I had supper at 7 yesterday - Katya and I had dinner at seven o'clock yesterday.

To compose interrogative and negative sentences with the verb to have in the past tense, the auxiliary verb did is used.

Where did you have breakfast yesterday? - Where did you have breakfast yesterday?
I didn't have an umbrella - I didn't have an umbrella.