How to define complex and complex. How to determine a complex sentence from a complex sentence

How to quickly and easily determine whether a complex or complex sentence? and got the best answer

Answer from Vadim[active]
For unions:
If the unions "a, but, and, or, yes (in the meaning of and)", etc., are composed.
And if the unions are "Which, because", etc., AND YOU CAN ALSO ask questions from the dependent sentence to the main one, then this is a subordinate sentence
It began to rain and a thunderstorm began - composed
It began to rain, because of which a thunderstorm began - subordinate (Why did the thunderstorm begin? Because it started to rain

Answer from Natasha Prokhorova[newbie]
In a compound sentence, the parts are equal in meaning, which means that by removing the union, we can make them simple sentences, without distorting the meaning.

Answer from Yatiana Kazakova[guru]
In a compound sentence, the parts are equal in meaning, which means that by removing the union, we can make them simple sentences, without distorting the meaning. In a complex sentence, the parts depend on one another. And if one of them can be an independent proposal, then the other - never! In addition, you need to know that in compound sentences, coordinating unions serve to connect parts, and in complex sentences, respectively, subordinating ones.

Answer from Speedy88[guru]
very simple, by unions:
in compound - and, but, but
in complex - what, when, if, which, etc.
you can on questions, in compound ones one depends on the other

Answer from Marylave[newbie]
Compound - when two parts of a sentence are not related to each other. Complicated - when there is some kind of connection between them, and usually they are united by some kind of union: which, because, etc.

Answer from Arini-k[guru]
According to the used unions and allied words.
See if you can ask a question from one simple sentence to another. If yes, then complex

Answer from Ludmila[guru]
Look at the means of communication! In SSP - coordinating conjunctions, and in SPP - subordinating conjunctions and allied words.

Answer from Fist Man[active]
Yyyyy

Answer from Elena Khrenova[newbie]
very simple

Answer from Nurzhan Yergaliev[newbie]
To determine the SPP for successful language acquisition, it is enough to spend half an hour, which is available to everyone

Answer from 3 answers[guru]

What is a complex sentence? Every student asked this question. How easy is it to determine which sentence is in front of you: simple or complex? It's pretty easy, the main thing is to know a few tricky features.

What is a complex sentence: definition, types and examples

A complex sentence is a sentence that has more than one stem in its composition, they are interconnected subordinating unions. Also, parts of such a sentence can be combined. It should be noted that along with complex sentences, there are also compound sentences in which the parts are connected by the unions “and”, “but”, “a”, in some cases there is a union “yes”. So, before determining which sentence is in front of you, you need to note the grammatical foundations, if there are two or more of them, then you need to ask a question from one of them. The part from which the question is asked is called the main part, and to which the question is asked is called the subordinate.

A complex sentence, examples of which will be given below, may include several types of connection of parts, for example, parallel, serial. In parallel, the question is asked from the main part to the rest, in sequential - from each to the next. This suggests that in a complex sentence, dependent parts are always unequal.

What is a complex sentence? Now there is an answer to this question: this is a sentence with unequal dependent parts that are connected by a subordinating conjunction. Now we need to move on to classification. are attributive, circumstantial, which, in turn, have about 7 more subspecies, as well as explanatory. The first type is the type of sentence, when the dependent part answers the questions of adjectives, that is, it creates the emotional color of the sentence. For example: "The garden, because of which the house was not visible, was a famous place in the city." explanatory answers the questions of all cases, except for the nominative. This can easily be confused with the attributive, so it is very important to ask the right question. For example: "Nikita was thinking about the same things his sister had said before."

The largest group is complex sentences with adverbial clauses, there are about 7 additional subclauses: clauses, causes, goals, conditions, places, consequences, and others. It is quite easy to distinguish them: all questions that can be asked to adverbs will be asked in this case as well. Therefore, it is usually simple and easy to define a part.

What is The answer to this question can be found in the article. In addition to the definition, the article presents all classifications of types of subordination, as well as types of subordinate parts. With this information, you can safely go to a single State exam, because some of the questions aimed at an advanced level are connected precisely with the task-determining the type or type of subordination of parts in the sentence.

Read the sentences:

1) At night the wind gets angry and knocks on the window.(A. Fet.)

2) The day is drowning in bright gold, and the streams rustle along the ravines.(I. Nikitin)

(What?) Wind is the subject.

The wind (what is it doing?) is angry and knocking - these are homogeneous predicates connected by a union And.

(What?) day is the subject.

The day (what does it do?) is drowning - this is a predicate.

(What?) streams is the subject.

Streams (what are they doing?) are making noise - this is a predicate.

How are these offers different?

The first one is simple. The second is complex (conjunction And combines two simple sentences into one).

Complexsuggestions are two (or more) sentences combined into one.

Simple sentences, which are part of a complex, can be connected by unions a, but, and, what, when, where, because, to etc. or intonation.

Parts of a complex sentence are separated by a comma.

Complex sentences are divided into allied And unionless. Allied sentences, in turn, are divided into compound and complex. Thus, there are three main types of complex sentences: compound, complex subordinate And unionless.

Let's highlight the basics of sentences and define their type.

1. A fluffy red tail completely covered his back, and his eyes dug into a terrible beast.

(What?) the tail is the subject.

He covered the tail (what did he do?) - this is a predicate.

Eyes (what did they do?) Stared - this is a predicate.

Before us are two grammatical foundations - the tail is covered, the eyes are stuck, which means that this is a complex sentence. Its parts are united into one union BUT, and separated by a comma.

2. He saw that the lynx's eyes were tightly closed.

(Who?) He is the subject.

He (what did he do?) saw - this is a predicate.

(What?) eyes are the subject.

Eyes (what are made?) Are closed - this is a predicate.

Before us are two grammatical bases that are connected by the union WHAT, and separated by a comma.

3. There was a rustle from the place where the things lay.

(What?) Rustle is the subject.

A rustle (what did you do?) was heard - this is a predicate.

(What?) things are the subject.

Things (what did they do?) lay - this is a predicate.

Before us are two grammatical bases, combined into one sentence by the union WHERE and separated by a comma.

4. On a sunny morning, a merry tit tunes up its simple song, and a woodpecker lets out a ringing shot through the taiga.

(Who?) titmouse is the subject.

The tit (what is it doing?) is adjusting - this is a predicate.

(Who?) Woodpecker is the subject.

The woodpecker (what is he doing?) lets in - this is a predicate.

Before us are two grammatical bases of a complex sentence, separated by a comma.

Compound sentences

A complex sentence is called a compound sentence, the parts of which are interconnected by coordinating unions. In compound sentences, the relations most often expressed are connective, adversative and divisive. In addition, compound sentences can express comparative, connecting, explanatory relations with various additional shades of meaning.

Connective relationships. In compound sentences expressing connecting relationships, unions and, yes, neither (repeating), also, too (the last two with a connecting shade of meaning) serve as a means of connecting parts of a single whole. Compound sentences with a union and most often express temporary relationships. To express these relations, verb forms (temporal and aspectual), the order of parts in the complex, intonation, union, and additional lexical means are used.

Compound sentences with opposing alliances(a, but, yes, however, but, same, etc.) express relations of opposition or comparison, sometimes with various additional shades (inconsistencies, restrictions, concessions, etc.) This meaning of this type of complex sentences affects their construction: word order in the second part due to the nature of its opposition to the first part.

It is widely used in complex sentences with the indicated meanings of the union a, for example:

The view of the earth is still sad, and the air is already breathing in spring (Tyutch.);

Learning is light, and ignorance is darkness (last)

Separation relationships. Compound sentences with divisive conjunctions (or, or, whether ... whether, then ... then, etc.) indicate the alternation of events, their successive change, incompatibility, etc.

Complex sentences

A complex sentence is a sentence, the parts of which are interconnected by subordinating unions or allied means. The subordinating relationship between the parts of a complex sentence is expressed in the syntactic dependence of one part (subordinate) on the other (main).

Conjunctions and allied words in a complex sentence:

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complex called sentence, parts of which are grammatically unequal and connected by subordinating conjunctions or allied words.

Part complex sentence, subordinating the subordinate clause, is called main proposal . The part of a complex sentence that is syntactically dependent on another is called subordinate clause . The main and subordinate clauses are interconnected: they are united by meaning and construction.

Complex sentences include a main clause and one or more subordinate clauses. The subordinate clauses obey the main clause and answer the questions of the members of the sentence.

The subordinate clause can be placed after the main, in the middle of it, or before it.

For example: You only need to read the books which teach to understand the meaning of life, the desires of people and the motives of their actions. (M. Gorky.) The branches of the trees seemed shaggy and, when the wind came up, slightly noisy with the first green noise. (G. Skrebnitsky.) If language weren't poetic n, there would be no art of the word - poetry. (S. Marshak.)

The place of the subordinate clause in relation to the main clause can be depicted graphically:

[=], (which =).

[-= and, (when --), =].

(If - =), [=]

Subordinate clauses are separated from the main clause by commas. If the subordinate clause is in the middle of the main clause, it is separated by commas on both sides.

If there are several subordinate clauses in a complex sentence, then they can explain not only the main sentence, but also each other.

For example: 1) When I have a new book in my hands, I feel, that something living, speaking, wonderful has entered my life.(M. Gorky.) 2) Painting is also important because that the artist often notices what we do not see at all.(K. Paustovsky.)

In the first complex sentence, the main clause is explained by two subordinate clauses. In the second complex sentence, the main clause is Painting is also important; first adjective - that the artist often notices - explains the main thing, and itself is explained by the second subordinate clause - what we don't see .

Subordinating conjunctions and allied words in complex sentences

Subordinate clauses are attached to the main (or other subordinate clause) by subordinating conjunctions (simple and compound) or allied words (relative pronouns), which are presented in the table:

Subordinating conjunctions are not members of the subordinate clause, but serve only to attach clauses to the main or another clause.

For example: It is bitter to think that life will pass without grief and without happiness, in the hustle and bustle of daily worries.(I. Bunin.)

Allied words not only attach clauses to the main clause (or another clause), but are also members of clauses.

For example: In autumn, birds fly away to places where it is always warm. I don't know why he did it.

In these sentences, allied words where And why are circumstances.

The union word requires a special comment which the. It can act as different members of the sentence: subject, predicate, inconsistent definition, circumstance and addition. To determine the syntactic function of an allied word which the, you need to find out which word of the main clause it replaces, substitute it for the allied word and determine which member of the subordinate clause it is.

For example: Village, which located on the banks of the river, very beautiful. In this sentence, the allied word that refers to the noun village. If we substitute the word village in the subordinate clause, we get: Village located on the coast. In this sentence, the word village performs the function of the subject, therefore, in the subordinate part of the original sentence, the allied word which is also subject.

Compare: The lake we approached turned out to be clean and deep. - I met a man whom I had not seen for a long time.

Some of the allied words turn out to be homonymous with unions, that is, in some cases they act as unions, and in others - as allied words.

To distinguish a union from an allied word, one must remember:

1) in some cases, the union can be omitted, but the allied word is not:

For example: Tanya says that the grass grows at night. (V. Belov.) - Tanya says: “The grass grows at night”;

2) the union can only be replaced by another union.

For example: When (- if) work is pleasure, life is good.(M. Gorky.)

3) A union word can only be replaced by a union word or those words from the main sentence to which the subordinate clause belongs,

For example: Remember the songs that the nightingale sang.(I. Bunin.)

Word what is an allied word, since it cannot be omitted, but can be replaced by an allied word which ( Remember the songs that the nightingale sang) and the word of the song ( Remember the songs: these songs were sung by the nightingale).

The ability to distinguish between unions and allied words is necessary for the correct intonation of a sentence, since often allied words are the semantic center, they are highlighted by logical stress.

What how And when can be both unions and allied words

To distinguish between these allied words and conjunctions, it should be remembered that:

1) on allied words what And how logical stress usually falls;

2) one can pose a semantic question to them and determine which member of the sentence they are;

3) they cannot be removed from the sentence without violating the meaning, but they can be replaced by synonymous allied words.

Compare: I knew our house was in need of repair. - I knew our house was in need of repair.

House, what on the contrary, it needs renovation. The house opposite is in need of repair.

When distinguishing between an allied word and a union when should be based on the meaning of subordinate parts. In relative clauses and often in clauses of explanatory clauses when is a union word, in all other cases when- union:

For example: I remember well the day we met. No one knew when he appeared in our city. When the blizzard is over, you can go for a walk.

The role of demonstrative words in the subordination of sentences

In the main part of a complex sentence, demonstrative words can sometimes be used that, such, all, everyone, no one, there, then and etc.

The role of demonstrative words in the organization of a complex sentence is not the same.

Firstly , they may be constructively necessary (a sentence with a given clause cannot be constructed without them).

For example: I am the one no one loves. The inclusion of correlative words necessary for the structure of the sentence is mandatory for the block diagram of such NGN:

Secondly , correlative words can be optional, their role in the sentence in this case is intensifying-excretory (correlative words can be omitted without loss of meaning):

He remembered the man which the was visiting Petrov.

Demonstrative words are members of the main clause.

Features of attaching subordinate clauses to the main

The subordinate clause is joined by conjunctions and allied words to the entire main clause, but in terms of meaning, the subordinate clause explains:

- one word (one member of the main sentence);

For example: The village where Eugene missed was a lovely corner. (A. Pushkin.) I guessed long ago that we are kindred in the heart. (A. Fet.) Having loaded the rifle, Andrei again rose above the pile of stones, thinking where to shoot. (M. Bubennov.);

- phrase;

For example: She stood fabulous silence that comes with frost. (P. Pavlenko.) And for a long time I will be so kind I to the people that I awakened good feelings with a lyre ... (A. Pushkin.) These snows burned with a ruddy sheen so fun so bright that, it seems, would have stayed here forever. (M. Lermontov.);

- the whole main sentence: The house stood on a slope so the windows to the garden were very low from the ground. (S. Aksakov.) The darker the night became, the brighter the sky flared up. (K. Paustovsky.)