What is the peculiarity of the plot of the story Antonov apples. Composition: Artistic features of the story And

Composition

Bunin belongs to the last generation of writers from the noble estate, which is closely connected with the nature of the central strip of Russia. "So few people know how to know and love nature, as I. A. Bunin knows how," Alexander Blok wrote in 1907. No wonder the Pushkin Prize in 1903 was awarded to Bunin for the collection of poems Falling Leaves, which glorifies Russian rural nature. In his poems, the poet connected the sadness of the Russian landscape with Russian life into one inseparable whole.
Bunin's stories are also imbued with this sad poetry of withering, dying, desolation. But his stories are also imbued with beauty, love. Like, for example, the story "Antonov apples". This is a very beautiful, interesting and original story.
When I read this story, I was haunted by a strange feeling. I was waiting for the introductory part of the story to end and the action itself, the plot, the climax, the result, to begin. I waited, but suddenly the story ended. I was surprised: "Why is this work related to stories, but there is no plot in it?" Then I read it again, slowly, not hurrying anywhere. And then he appeared completely different. This is not an epic work, but rather a lyrical epic. But why did Bunin choose this particular form?
When I began to read this story for the second time, I was overcome by a feeling of sleep. First, the story begins with an ellipsis. Suddenly, visual images begin to appear.
"I remember a big, all golden, thinned garden, I remember maple alleys." Visual images are reinforced by smells: "The subtle aroma of fallen leaves and the smell of Antonov apples." Then we hear sounds and completely immerse ourselves in this atmosphere, succumb to the mood of the story.
But what is this life that this story introduces us to? Here the first people appear: "A man pouring apples eats them with a juicy crackle one after another, but the tradesman will never cut him off, but only say - Yours, eat your fill."
We see these kind, beautiful, strong people. And how they talk to each other, with what attention, understanding and love!

"Household butterfly! ... Now these are translated" - it is "butterfly", and not the usual today's "woman" or, roughly speaking, "woman".
How subtly Bunin conveys all intonations, expressions! Take just one conversation between "father" and Pankrat! Bunin makes us see and feel this life, just feel it. How he conveys these kind, almost paternal relations between a peasant and a gentleman.
In this story, Bunin describes the landowner's estate. Already we see it not just as a house, but as something animated, something very important. "To me, its front facade always seemed alive, as if an old face was looking out from under a huge hat with hollow eyes." Indeed, a manor in the 19th century is not just a place of residence. The estate is the whole life, spiritual development, it is a way of life. Even Griboedov spoke about the estate: "Who travels in the countryside, who lives ..." A fair part of the spiritual life of Russia took place in the estates. Take at least the estates of Chekhov, Blok, Yesenin, Sheremetev.
And Bunin immerses us in this life. In the summer - hunting, powerful communication between the landowners. And in winter, books. How " Bunin describes the state of mind of this man, sitting in an armchair and reading "Onegin", Voltaire! The reader has old images, he thinks about everything: about his roots, about his family, that life also flowed before him, people thought , suffered, searched, fell in love.
Bunin sets the task of showing Russia, this life. It makes you think about history, about your roots.
And we feel this time, this life. We feel this Russia, patriarchal, with people not prudent, but rather special, in a word, Russian.

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I. Bunin's story "Antonov apples" differs markedly not only from traditional stories, but also from traditional literature in particular. The distinctive features of the plot and the features of the image became the reason that the story attracted the attention of readers and researchers of literature.

History of creation and prototypes of heroes

The story of I. Bunin "Antonov apples" did not become a work created in one breath. His "birth" was preceded by a long way.

In one of his letters, V.V. Pashchenko, dated August 14, 1891, Bunin describes his impression of the autumn days spent on the estate of his brother Evgeny Alekseevich. From the letter we learn that Bunin was always reverent about autumn - it was his favorite time of the year. Visiting his brother, he not only enjoyed the lovely autumn paintings, but also enhanced them with the aroma of Antonov apples. Nine years later, these memories became key to the creation of the story.

Bunin did not make public the prototype of the protagonist, but such a person was discovered by researchers. Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva, the wife of I. Bunin, after the death of her husband in her work devoted to the life and work of Bunin, indicated that A.I. became the prototype of the hero. Pusheshnikov is a relative of Bunin.

Plot Features

The singularity of Bunin's story lies, first of all, in the fact that there is no traditional plot as such in Antonov's Apples. At its core, the story contains a fragmentary image of the memories of the lyrical hero.

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All these moments are united by the personality of the protagonist and the general emotional mood. The story is completely lacking plot dynamics. The plot of the work consists in the accumulation of various memories, the key element for the appearance of which and their functioning was the smell of Antonov apples, which changes in the same way as events in the life of the hero.

Symbolically for Bunin, summer is associated with the flourishing of landlordism - it was at this time that the smell of apples was especially significant and strong. However, gradually the gold of autumn changes from gray to gray and unsightly colors - in this way, the harmony and cyclicality of nature is achieved.

The story consists of four parts. In the first one, the reader learns about nostalgic memories of the village and carefree life, and here the image of Antonov apples appears.

In the second part, we will learn about the autumn season. Wealthy old women and old men take care of shrouds and gravestones. Here the lyrical hero is transferred in his memories to the estate to Anna Gerasimovna, his aunt. In this part, the image of Antonov's apples is enhanced, which for the hero become the key moments of autumn.

On our website you can find an analysis of the story “Clean Monday”, written by Ivan Bunin, a talented classic author.

In the third part, the reader sees a different autumn - cold and damp. The hero is transferred to the estate of Arseny Semenovich and indulges in the memory of hunting and former enthusiasm.

The final, fourth part tells about the autumn melancholy and despondency - at this time Antonov apples no longer smell. The hero is distressed by the decline and absence of the landownership.

It was no coincidence that the novel was divided into four parts - with their help, the author depicts life cycle and the onset of maturity instead of youth.

Theme and idea of ​​the work

Despite the absence of a traditional plot, the theme and idea are traditionally distinguished in the story.
The theme of "Antonov apples" is the hero's regret in connection with the desolation of the landowners and their estates. Nostalgia for a wonderful time overwhelms the protagonist.

An accompanying element is the theme of harmony and sublimity of nature.

The idea is to poetically depict the world of landlordism, which has fallen into decay in every sense of the word.

Ivan Bunin notes that everything in this world comes and goes. Very often, all life images and symbols change over time. And this is not surprising, because a person's life is also very changeable - not only events change, but also the perception of certain elements in the life of a hero.

Artistic features of the story

According to most researchers, the story "Antonov apples" by Bunin can be attributed to poetry in prose. The text of the story has an incredible lyricism that makes it related to poetic works.

The story in its artistic content is similar to watercolor paintings. The story contains many color elements - Bunin successfully plays with color and color transitions - in his work all colors live their own lives. Such a color gradation contributes to the perception of the story as an unusual artistic phenomenon, with its help the reality of the picture described by Bunin is created.

The great writer Ivan Alekseevich Bunin wrote his work "Antonov apples" quickly, in just a few months. But the work on the story was not finished by him, because he turned to his story again and again, changing the text. Each edition of this story was already with a modified and edited text. And this was easily explained by the fact that the writer's impressions were so vivid and deep that he wanted to show all this to his reader.

But such a story as "Antonov apples", where there is no plot development, and Bunin's impressions and memories form the basis of the content, is difficult to analyze. It is difficult to capture the emotions of a person who lives in the past. But Ivan Alekseevich manages to accurately convey sounds and colors, showing his unusual literary skill. Reading the story "Antonov apples" you can understand what feelings and emotions the writer experienced. This is both pain and sadness that all this is left behind, as well as joy and tenderness for the ways of antiquity.

Bunin uses bright colors to describe colors, for example, black-lilac, gray-iron. Bunin's descriptions are so deep that he even notices how the shadow falls from many objects. For example, from the flame in the garden in the evening he sees black silhouettes, which he compares with giants. By the way, there are a lot of metaphors in the text. It is worth paying attention to the sundresses that girls put on at the fairs: "sundresses smelling of paint." Even the smell of Bunin's paint does not cause irritation, and this is another memory. And what words does he choose when he conveys his feelings from the water! It is not easy for the writer to be cold or transparent, but Ivan Alekseevich uses such a description of her: icy, heavy.

What is happening in the soul of the narrator, how strong and deep his feelings are, can be understood if we analyze those details in the work “Antonov apples”, where he gives a detailed description of them. is in the story and main character- barchuk, but his story is not revealed to the reader.

At the very beginning of his work, the writer uses one of the means of artistic expression of speech. The gradation lies in the fact that the author very often repeats the word “remember”, which allows you to create a feeling of how carefully the writer treats his memories and is afraid to forget something.

The second chapter contains not only a description of a wonderful autumn, which is usually mysterious and even fabulous in the villages. But the work tells about the old women who lived out their lives and prepared to accept death. To do this, they put on a shroud, which was wonderfully painted and starched so that it stood like a stone on the body of the old women. The writer also recalled that, having prepared for death, such old women dragged gravestones into the courtyard, which now stood in anticipation of the death of their mistress.

The writer's memories are transferred to the reader in the second part and to another estate, which belonged to Ivan Alekseevich's great-aunt. Anna Gerasimovna lived by herself, so she was always glad to visit her old estate. The road to this estate still pops up before the eyes of the narrator: the juicy and spacious blue sky, the rolled and well-worn road seems to the writer the most expensive and so dear. Bunin's description of both the road and the estate itself causes a great feeling of regret that all this has gone into the distant past.

The description of the telegraph poles that the narrator met on the way to his aunt reads sadly and sadly. They were like silver strings, and the birds sitting on them seemed to the writer to be notes. But even here, on the aunt's estate, the narrator again remembers the smell of Antonov's apples.

The third part takes the reader already into deep autumn, when, after rains, cold and long, the sun finally begins to peek out. And again the estate of another landowner - Arseny Semenovich, who was a great lover of hunting. And again, the sadness and regret of the author can be traced that the spirit of the landowner, who honored both his roots and all Russian culture, has now faded away. But now that former life has been lost, and it is now impossible to return the former noble life in Russia.

In the fourth chapter of the story "Antonov apples" Bunin sums up, saying that no more than the smell of childhood, which was associated with the life and life of the local nobility, the smell of Antonov apples disappeared. And it is impossible to see either those old people, or glorious landowners, or those glorious times. And the last lines of the story “White snow swept the way and the road” lead the reader to the fact that it is no longer impossible to return the former Russia, its former life.

The story "Antonov apples" is a kind of ode, enthusiastic, but sad and sad, imbued with love, which is dedicated to Russian nature, life in the village and the patriarchal way of life that was in Russia. The story is short, but it conveys quite a lot. Bunin is pleased with the memories of that time, they are filled with spirituality and poetry.

“Antonov apples” is Bunin’s hymn to his homeland, which, although it remained in the past, far from him, nevertheless remained forever in the memory of Ivan Alekseevich, and it was for him like the best and purest time, the time of his spiritual development.

"Antonov apples" by I. Bunin is a panoramic image of the life of landowners, in which there was a place for a story about peasant life. The peculiarity of the work is rich landscape sketches, from which it breathes with unique autumn smells. This is a vivid example of poetic prose in Russian literature. The story is in the USE program, so it is important to remember the basic information about it. They study "Antonov apples in the 11th grade. We offer a qualitative analysis of the work of I. Bunin.

Brief analysis

Year of writing - 1900.

History of creation- In 1891, I. Bunin visited the estate of his brother Eugene. Somehow, going out into the street, the writer caught the smell of Antonov apples, which reminded him of the times of the landowners. The story itself was written only 9 years later.

Topic- Two themes can be distinguished in the story: autumn in the village, the free life of the landlords, filled with the romance of the countryside.

Composition- The organization of the story is special, as the event outline is very poorly represented in it. The main role is played by memories, impressions, philosophical reflections, the basis for which are landscapes.

genre- An epitaph story.

Direction- Sentimentalism.

History of creation

The history of the creation of the work is connected with the writer's trip to his brother Eugene. In a country estate, I. Bunin caught the smell of Antonov apples. The aroma reminded Ivan Alekseevich of the life of landowners. This is how the idea of ​​the story arose, which the writer realized only nine years later, in 1900. “Antonov apples” entered the cycle of epitaphs.

For the first time the story saw the world in the year of writing in the magazine "Life", published in St. Petersburg. Critics received it positively. But the publication did not mark the end of the work. I. Bunin continued to polish his creation for twenty years, so there are several versions of the Antonov Apples.

Topic

To capture the essence of the story "Antonov apples", its analysis should begin with a description of the main problem.

All work covered autumn theme. The author reveals the beauty of nature at this time and the changes that autumn brings to human life. A. Bunin proceeds to describe the landowner's life. An important role in the disclosure of both topics is played by the image of Antonov apples. These fruits symbolize childhood, antiquity, nostalgia. In the symbolic meaning is hidden and the meaning of the name story.

The features of the work are related to the fact that the lyrical component plays a leading role in it. No wonder the author chooses the form of narration in the first person singular. So the reader can get as close as possible to the narrator, see the world through his eyes, observe his feelings and emotions. The narrator of the work resembles a lyrical hero, whom we are used to seeing in poems.

At first the narrator describes early autumn, generously “sprinkling” the landscape with folk signs. This technique helps to recreate the rustic atmosphere. An image of Antonov apples appears in the initial landscape. They are collected by peasants in the gardens of philistine gardeners. Gradually, the author proceeds to describe the petty-bourgeois hut and the fair near it. This allows you to introduce colorful peasant images into the work. The first part ends with a description of the autumn night.

The second part again begins with a landscape and folk signs. In her. I. Bunin talks about long-lived old people, as if hinting at how much weaker his generation is. In the same part, the reader can find out how rich peasants lived. The narrator describes their life with delight, not hiding the fact that he himself would like to live like that.

Memories return the narrator to the times when his aunt-landowner was alive. He enthusiastically tells how he came to visit Anna Gerasimovna. Her estate was surrounded by a garden in which apples grew. The hero describes in detail the interior of the aunt's house, paying special attention to smells, the main of which is the aroma of apples.

The third part I. Bunin's works "Antonov apples" - a story about hunting, this is the only thing that "supported the fading spirit of the landowners." The narrator describes everything: hunting fees, the process itself and the evening feast. In this part, another hero appears - the landowner Arseny Semenovich, who pleasantly surprises with his appearance and cheerful disposition.

In the final part the author tells about the death of the landowner Anna Gerasimovna, the landowner Arseny Semenych and the old people. Together with them, it seems, the spirit of antiquity also died. Only nostalgia and “small local life” remained. Nevertheless, I. Bunin concludes that she is also good, proving this with a description of small-scale life.

Issues the work is concentrated around the motif of the fading of the landowner's spirit and the death of antiquity.

story idea- to show that in the old days there was a special charm, so descendants should save it at least in memory.

Main thought- a person cherishes those memories that are cherished in his heart from childhood and adolescence.

Composition

Features of the composition of the work are manifested both at the formal and at the semantic level. It is written in the form of memoirs of a lyrical hero. The main role in the story is played not by events, but by non-plot elements - landscapes, portraits, interiors, philosophical reflections. They are closely intertwined and complement each other. The main tool for their creation is artistic means, in the set of which there are both author's and folklore ones.

It is difficult to single out the elements of the plot - the exposition, the plot, the development of events and the denouement, since they are blurred by the indicated non-plot components.

Formally, the text is divided into four parts, each of which is devoted to one or another memoir of the narrator. All parts are connected by the main theme and the image of the narrator.

genre

The plan for analyzing a literary work necessarily includes a genre description. "Antonov apples" - a story-epitaph. It is impossible to single out specific storylines in the work, all the characters are connected with the narrator, the system of images is unbranched. Researchers consider the story an epitaph, since it deals with the “dead” landlord spirit.

Artwork test

Analysis Rating

Average rating: 4 . Total ratings received: 247.

"Antonov apples"

The story "Antonov apples" as a whole can be considered as a poem in prose. A short and incredibly poetic time is depicted - Indian summer, when elegiac reflections themselves form in the soul.

Behind a detailed landscape sketch, one can guess the poetic soul of the author, a subtle, educated person, deeply loving life native nature. Folk wisdom is close to him, as he often refers to signs: "Autumn and winter live well, if the water is calm and raining on Lawrence."

I.A. Bunin is incredibly dear to the national flavor. With what care, for example, he describes the festive spirit of the garden fair. His creation of figures of people from the people is amazing a high degree individualization. What is worth only one important one, like a Kholmogory cow, a young headman or a burry, nimble half-idiot playing the Tula harmonica.

For a detailed recreation of the atmosphere of early fine autumn in the apple orchard, I.A. Bunin widely uses a number of artistic definitions: “I remember an early, fresh, quiet morning ... I remember a large, all golden, dried up and thinned garden, I remember maple alleys, the delicate aroma of fallen leaves ...” To more fully, more clearly reflect the surrounding atmosphere, convey every sound (the creak of carts, the clatter of blackbirds, the crackle of apples eaten by peasants) and the aroma (the smell of Antonov apples, honey and autumn freshness).

The smell of apples is a recurring detail in the story. I.A. Bunin describes a garden with Antonov apples at different times of the day. At the same time, the evening landscape turns out to be no poorer than the morning one. It is decorated with the diamond constellation Stozhar, the Milky Way, whitening overhead, shooting stars.

The central theme of the story is the theme of the ruin of noble nests. With pain, the author writes that the smell of Antonov apples is disappearing, the way of life that has developed over the centuries is falling apart. Admiring the past, the passing brings an elegiac tone to the work. Bunin emphasizes the social aspect of relations between people with separate details. This is also evidenced by the vocabulary (“philistine”, “barchuk”). Despite the elegiac tone, there are also optimistic notes in the story. “How cold, dewy and how good it is to live in the world!” - emphasizes I.A. Bunin. The story reveals the writer's characteristic idealization of the image of the people. He is especially close to the author on holidays, when everyone is tidied up and happy. “Old men and women lived in Vyselki for a very long time - the first sign of a rich village - and they were all tall, big and white, like a harrier. You only hear, it happened: “Yes, - here Agafya waved her eighty-three years old!” - so through the dialogues I.A. Bunin his admiration for the way of simple village life. The author poetizes everyday values: work on the ground, a clean shirt and dinner with hot lamb on wooden plates.

Do not escape the author's view and social class differences. It is no coincidence that old Pankrat stands in front of the master, stretched out, smiling guiltily and meekly. It is in this work that I.A. Bunin, an important idea for him was that the warehouse of the average noble life was close to the peasant one. The author-narrator directly admits that he did not know and did not see serfdom, but he felt it, remembering how the former courtyards bowed to the masters.

The social aspect is also emphasized in the interior of the house. The footman's, the people's, the hall, the living room - all these names testify to the author's understanding of the class contradictions in society. However, at the same time, the story also contains admiration for the refined noble life. The writer, for example, emphasizes arctocratically beautiful heads in ancient hairstyles, from portraits lowering their long eyelashes to sad and tender eyes.

Thus, the story of I.A. Bunin's "Antonov apples" is dear to the reader because it embodies the beauty of native nature, pictures of Russian life and teaches to love Russia as much as the Russian writer loved her with amazing depth of lyrical expression of patriotic experience.