The internal device of the door lock with a latch. Lock for interior doors: how to choose a reliable and durable mechanism

Cylinder locks are classified according to the place of installation (overhead, mortise), they also produce one-sided (key-latch) and two-sided (key-key). In the first, from the outside of the door, the lock is opened with a key, and with an internal latch with a rotary mechanism. The second type of device opens / closes on both sides with keys.

Consider the device of the cylinder mechanism

The cylinder mechanism is hidden in a metal case. Almost all such devices are produced in one standard size, corresponding to the EuroDIN standard, this allows, if necessary, to change the lock cylinder to any other.

The design of the device depends on the type of cylinder secrecy. Manufacturers produce mechanisms with different encoding elements. Technologies do not stand still, designers are working on improvement, offering new patented technologies.

The most common pin cylinders, designs consist of:

corps;

The rotor of the cylinder (a movable element called in another way a plug, English plug);

· code pins, (a set of secret parts that interact with the key and locking pins);

locking pins blocking the rotor;

Cylinder cam

spring mechanisms of counter-pins that return them to their places;

fixing hole.

How does a cylinder work

There is a key passage in the rotor, a key moves along it, which changes the position of the pins. These elements line up in a secret combination that matches the pattern on the key. Ultimately, the pins under the influence of the native key are installed in one line. The new position of these elements allows the rotor and cam to turn. When the key is removed from the key hole, the locking pins, under the influence of springs, push the codes back into the rotor element, blocking occurs.

When someone else's key is taken, the code pattern of which does not match the secret combination of the cylinder, the pins cannot line up in the correct position, some will remain in the body, others in the rotor. The rotor will not rotate in this case. The more complex the combination, the more precisely all the elements fit, the more difficult it is to open the cylinder with a non-native key.

Vulnerabilities in cylinders

If it is practically impossible to open the cylinder lock with a non-native key, then such devices are not sufficiently protected from the action of vandals, they can be drilled or knocked out. Protective elements help to resist, these are armor plates made of especially strong alloys. In order for this part to actually protect the larva from vandalism, it must be placed correctly. It is installed inside the door leaf, and not on top of metal or decorative trim. Armor plates must be installed on all cylinder locks, and especially where there is a high probability of breaking them by force.

What to do if the key is stolen or lost

Locking locks appeared along with the construction of dwellings and the emergence of property stratification in society. As soon as private property arose, it became necessary to protect it. Of course, there are still small settlements of people where there is no talk of locking doors, but this is rather an exception. Over a long period, the mechanisms blocking the door frame have been modified, manufacturers have tried to make the lock more reliable, increasing its blocking properties. But the function of the locking device did not change - locking doors and protecting property.

The structure of the lock mechanism

If you look at various photos of door structures, you can see that locks are installed not only on entrance doors, but also interior structures are sometimes also locked.

Any locking device consists of a locking mechanism, a special metal box for locking, a latch and a key to move the bolt.

Depending on the device of the locking device, its functionality is determined. According to the method of attachment to the door structure, blocking mechanisms can be:

• overhead, fixed on the inside of the door;
• mortise, installed inside the door plate.

The most common door lock device is a mortise lock, the organization of which is built from:

1. Corps;
2. Front plank detail;
3. drive lever;
4. Bolt with a special latch;
5. Hasp with main action.

Regardless of the attachment to the door, the design of modern locking devices includes two components: a secret and an actuator.

Using the secret system, the key to the lock is recognized, and the actuator performs the locking.

Types of secrets

1. Mechanical secrets are made in different versions, here are the most important of them:
2. Cylindrical. This option is based on a special part - a cylinder. It is in its core that there are elements that prevent the lock from breaking - pins. A lock with such a secret is called English and is the most common.
3. Lever - consists of several cloves on the key, which determine the number of levers.
4. Code - opens a structure on a set of numbers while entering the key.
5. Electronic - based on a drive that is built inside.

Types of actuators

The following systems are used as an executive device:

1. Electromechanical - a deadbolt with an electric drive.
2. Electromagnetic - a magnet as a locking mechanism.
3. Mechanical - locking is carried out by a metal rod included in a special groove.

Organization of the level lock

The reliability of such a locking system depends on the number of plates, the more there are, the more effective the protective function will be.

The suval type system consists of the following elements:

1. Transverse bolt mechanism - crossbar;
2. Metal plate - lever;
3. Special keyhole.

The principle of operation of this system is to occupy certain positions with all plates, after which it becomes possible to turn the key.

The structure of the cylinder lock system

Such a lock design can be mortise and overhead, it is a secret mechanism in the core - the larva. Locks of this type can be one-sided and two-sided. The first type can be opened with a key from one side only, the second contains two cylinders. It cannot be opened from the inside without a key.

The work of locking the room with a cylindrical device is reduced to certain actions: the key is inserted into a groove with a limited protrusion, which is located in the cylinder. Part of the cylinder is always rotating. But only if the correct key is inserted. The rest of the structure remains motionless - this is the body. The actuating mechanism is the pins that the key raises. Depending on the position of the pins, our lock will be open or closed. The opening of the mechanism occurs only when all the encryption elements match.

Interior door locking system

In the interior version, locking is not particularly in demand, but if such a design is required, then a special beautiful lock built into the door leaf is selected, which consists of a rotary plate, a shutter, a spring, a holding lever, a latch, a case cover.

A person, leaving his apartment, used to close it with a special mechanism - a lock. If earlier lock systems were simple, then today, in the days of computer technology, stealth locks appear that can protect any apartment from burglary. Cheap locking mechanisms are easy to drill and knock out, and the locking system hidden in the canvas works only from the radio frequencies of a special key fob. The lock design can be complex or simple, but experience has shown that it is better to choose one good quality lock for the door panel than several cheap and simple ones.

Each apartment has at least one interior door with a built-in locking mechanism. There are a lot of locks for interior doors, and therefore a variety of lock mechanisms can be installed in the door, depending on the type of door and the desired level of protection.

It can be an ordinary lock with a latch on the door handle, lever, cylinder or mortise mechanism. As a rule, such locks have a different type of working mechanism and provide different level protection. However, which one is better to choose for an interior door in your home?

Installing a conventional lock with a handle is a simple task. To do this, you need to drill a keyhole in the door leaf of the desired size. Having made the desired hole, you need to insert the lock and fix it on the canvas. This type of lock is suitable for interior doors made of any material. It is not recommended to mount the lock by attaching the bar to the end of the door. Such a method of installation will weaken the reliability of the structure and protection.

Lock device

Door locks are important elements of door fittings that serve to close, secure and block the front door. Such locks can be of various models and are divided depending on the type of construction, material, placement method, technical features, as well as the type of door for which they are intended.

As a rule, the features of the lock and its mechanism will depend on its type. The simplest has the usual padlock, which can be found in most houses and apartments. The mechanism of such a lock is unlocked using ordinary keys or a digital code. More modern models can be unlocked using an electronic chip. As a rule, such locks are quite durable, they are made of high quality metal.

The laid on type of the locking mechanism differs, first of all, in the installation features. Such a lock is not installed inside the door leaf, but from above. As a rule, the overhead lock mechanism is installed indoors and provides a high level of protection and blocking of the door. The installation of a lock of this type is carried out using special frames and boxes. The mechanism is unlocked from the outside with a key, from the inside it is regulated by a key or a special latch.

However, the most common type of lock for an interior door is a padlock. The peculiarity of the working mechanism of such a lock is to cut into the door leaf, while only a key hole remains on the outside. Such locks can be used for doors of any type and are made in various thicknesses.

The internal mechanism of a lever type lock is an excellent example of the standard working mechanism of most mechanical locks. A castle of this type consists of such elements as:

The interaction of all elements of the working mechanism of the lock ensures its operation and a high level of secrecy, protection against hacking in a rough and intelligent way. Lever type door lock, which you can easily install by yourself. Locks of this type are placed at the end of the door leaf, laid with overhead plates and a handle.

The overhead lock, which is currently popular, belongs to simple types of locking mechanism, which provides an average level of protection, and which can be installed in interior doors with your own hands.

More often you can find modern overhead locks made of durable stainless steel with brackets, due to which reliable protection of the structure is carried out. Staples do not allow to hook and break the structure with a crowbar or other tool.

The locking mechanism of this type is mounted on top of the door leaf, which is its main difference from other types of locks. As a rule, the overhead lock mechanism is installed indoors and provides a high level of protection and blocking of the door. The installation of a lock of this type is carried out using special frames and boxes.

As a rule, practical cylinder locks are used for doors of any type and are made in various thicknesses.

Therefore, in order to purchase a suitable mortise lock for your interior or front door, you must accurately measure the width of the lock niche. As a rule, mortise locks can have various mechanisms and designs.

The mechanism of a modern cylinder lock is distinguished by a high level of secrecy, so such locks provide a high level of protection against burglary. The main element of the working mechanism of this type of lock is a special cylinder, which is triggered when the correct rotary key combination is used.

The cylinder consists of special elements, pins, which work when the key is turned and adjust to it. As a rule, the slightest inconsistencies in the combination block the opening of the lock. That is why this type of lock can be safely called the most reliable.

Practical mortise locks are also very popular today. Their mechanism crashes into the door leaf, leaving a key hole on the outside. Such locks can be used for doors of any type and are made in various thicknesses. Therefore, in order to purchase a suitable mortise lock for your interior or front door, you must accurately measure the width of the lock niche.

As a rule, mortise locks can have various mechanisms and designs. The main advantage of a mortise lock is the fact that after installation, the lock is practically invisible to prying eyes. Today, it is plunging that is the most common type of installation of a lock in an interior door.

How the lock works

As a rule, the principle of operation of the lock mechanism will depend entirely on the type of lock. All locks are conditionally divided into several categories, depending on the type of device mechanism and its complexity. In this case, there are locks with a simple and complex, mechanical and electric locking mechanism.

The category of simple locking mechanisms includes such types of locks as padlock and invoice. Devices with a complex working mechanism include lever and cylinder locks.

Mechanical locks are the most popular, they are most often found on most interior doors. Such locks are distinguished by a simple mechanism to operate, low cost and availability. As a rule, they are installed when no increased requirements are imposed on the level of protection.

Electromagnetic locks are modern devices for protecting the door from intellectual and brute breaking with the highest level of protection. Recently, such locks can be quite often found even in the simplest interior doors in an apartment. Such a lock looks quite attractive, is easy to use and compact in size, and can also provide access restriction to any room in the house.

As a rule, the principle of operation of conventional mechanical locks will differ depending on the type of lock, however, they will all be unlocked using a key. It is the key that is the main element that starts the working mechanism of the lock. When selecting the correct code or rotary combination, the pins of the locks give in, put in the correct position, thereby pushing the springs and freeing access to the door.

As a rule, without a key and knowledge of the desired combination, it is quite difficult to open most types of mechanical locks. In addition, when using brute force or even intellectual breaking using special professional master keys, there is a high probability of the lock breaking without gaining access to the door.

Door lock device: inside photo

The door lock device must be reliable to protect against breaking and unauthorized entry into the premises. The level of protection depends on the type of lock and the secret mechanism that provides security.

Types of door locks

Depending on the form of execution, the lock can be:

The body of the mortise lock is fully integrated into the door leaf. Such a device has a sufficient level of protection of housing from breaking and entering. The invoice is attached to the door leaf from above or can be partially recessed into it. The hinged locking mechanism can have a different size and design. It consists of a cylindrical bow and a body with a secret and happens:

The choice of a mortise, padlock or padlock depends on which door it will be installed on.

All mechanical locks have the following components:

• a case that hides the secret mechanism of the lock;
• bolt or deadbolt;
• core (larva mechanism) into which the key is inserted.

Inside the larva is a secret mechanism of the lock, which differs depending on its type.

The locking mechanism of a plastic, metal or wooden front door can be cylindrical, without leverage and leverage. In addition, there is also combination locks, screw, with ciphers and locking mechanisms on interior doors. Thus, there are a lot of devices for ensuring safety and tranquility. In order to have an idea about the features and design of each of them, we will consider all these types of locks in more detail.

Cylinder lock device

The cylinder lock is opened with a small key, which on one side has teeth of various shapes and sizes.

A cylinder lock can be a mortise or padlock and have the following components:

• top and bottom pins;
• spiral springs that actuate them and return them to their original state after removing the key from the larva.

The mechanism of the cylinder locking device rotates, setting the bolt in motion, only when the pins are flush with the surface of the larva. This is achieved if a “own” key is inserted into the key groove, which allows you to assemble them in the desired position. If a “foreign” key is inserted into the mechanism of the larva, then the pins inside will not be positioned correctly, which will prevent it from turning and opening the lock.

The design of the cylinder door lock can be single and double. Single mechanisms are used for door locks that can only be opened with a key from the outside. Double are designed for those locks that are controlled by a key from two sides.

Lever lock mechanism

The level lock is considered one of the most reliable among all locking devices for the entrance plastic, metal or wooden door. Its secret lies in a group of plates or levers, which have cutouts of various shapes. Each of them corresponds to the protrusions and depressions on the key, which allow you to assemble the plates in the right way, and open the lock.

The reliability of a lever lock depends on the number of levers. Each individual option for placing lever plates of different contours is called a series. By increasing the number of levers with different arrangements of protrusions and depressions, you can increase the number of series. For a lock with three plates, it is 6. For four-lever locks, the set of plates gives 24 different series, respectively. In locks that have two rows of levers, the number of series reaches 150. Double-bit keys are used to open them.

The principle of operation of a lever lock is similar to a cylindrical one, only the role of pins in it is performed by steel plates. To increase protection, so that it is more difficult to assemble the plates and make it difficult to open the lock with a random key, lever cutouts are made in various sizes, and the plates themselves are of different thicknesses.

Leverless lock

The structure of a leverless lock is characterized by only one plate, so this lock is considered the most unreliable. Therefore, experts recommend installing it on internal doors.

The secrecy of leverless locking devices is given by the configuration of the shape of the key slot. In addition, on the base of the lock, opposite the key gap, there are barrier plates or annular ledges. They are made in the form of concentric circles, to bypass which special slots are made along and across the grooves of the keys.

Combination lock

The code lock can be electronic or mechanical. For electronic, a prerequisite for operation is a connection to an electrical network or an autonomous power source. Mechanical is easy to install and use. In addition, it is easy to reprogram if necessary.

The code lock scheme is a bolt, which is activated by pressing the required combination of numbers in the case of the mechanical principle of the device. For electronic locks, you need to enter a secret combination or use a magnetic key.

Electronic devices are more reliable than mechanical devices and are widely used on the front doors of offices, buildings, and residential apartment buildings.

Locks on interior doors

The lock can be installed not only on the front door, but also on the interior door. However, it is difficult to call it full-fledged locking devices, because any lock must have a secret that provides at least minimal protection. And the locks on the interior doors do not have such a secret. They include the following components:

• handles and external decorative overlays;
• bolt driven by a handle;
• blocking mechanism.

The lock cylinder on the interior door has no internal structure. Through it, you can get to the internal latch and unlock the mechanism connected to the handle and preventing the free opening of the door.

Knowing what locks consist of and having an idea of ​​​​their principle of operation, you can more confidently choose a locking device on which your safety and the safety of personal property depend.

Classification and installation of all types of locks and the choice of the most reliable

There are various types of locks on the market of door fittings, differing externally and internally. To understand which model to choose for an entrance door, gate or entrance, you need to figure out how different modifications are arranged, which mechanisms provide the highest degree of protection, for which tasks they are suitable various options locking systems. All types of locks are usually classified according to two criteria: the method of installation and the locking mechanism.

Depending on the installation technology, there are three types of locks: padlocks, mortise, overhead. In addition to the difference in installation, they differ in the degree of protection, which affects the scope.

A padlock is a locking device that is attached to the door by threading the shackle through special holes (eyes). This option is one of the simplest ways to protect. It is easy to handle, easy to install and change. These locks differ from each other:

• secrecy mechanism;
• construction;
• material for the manufacture of the case and the bow;
• body size;
• diameter and length of the bow;
• the presence of protection against moisture;
• number of keys included.

Types of padlocks

There are several types of padlocks on sale:

• open type with a semicircular shackle - the simplest device, in the body of which there is a mechanism for the key and holding the shackle;
• mushroom-shaped - models with fixation of the bow in one place;
• semi-closed - the darts are protected by lugs, and the fixing part is hidden in the body;
• closed - the most reliable, since the shackle is completely hidden in the case.

Keyless code models

The most durable padlocks are made of steel, but they are susceptible to corrosion, the solution is stainless steel, the disadvantage is a higher price. The most practical material for manufacturing is cast iron, which does not corrode and does not deform.

The main disadvantage of mounted modifications is the simplicity of mechanical hacking. To reduce risk, choose models with a molded body and hardened temples.

Another way to protect the premises from third-party penetration is a model with an alarm. This type of device has a built-in sensor that reacts (a siren sounds) when you try to break the shackle or when you hit it, it is battery operated.

Scopes of hinged constipation: suitcases, mailboxes and other boxes, basements, garages, warehouses, that is, everywhere. Can be used both indoors and outdoors.

Installation of a mortise locking device in the gate door

Mortise locks are the most popular, they are mounted directly inside the door leaf without breaking it. appearance. The disadvantages of mortise mechanisms include the complexity of self-installation.

This option is considered the most suitable for installation in metal doors. When tapping, the mechanism is close to the outer surface of the door leaf, which makes it more accessible to intruders. If the lock is embedded in a wooden door, there is the possibility of drilling, while when installed in a metal door, it is protected by a sheet of metal. Also, the installation provides for the installation of additional protective elements (plates) to reduce the likelihood of hacking.

Popular door lock models

By resistance to burglary, this type of locks for entrance doors is classified into 4 classes, depending on how long it takes to open it:

• first class - less than 5 minutes (suitable for installation in interior doors, rooms without material values);
• the second - more than 5 minutes (suitable for installation on apartment entrance doors, protective properties - medium);
• the third - 15 minutes (suitable for locking rooms with valuables inside, the protective properties are increased);
• the fourth - 30 minutes (suitable for locking the doors of rooms in which there are valuables of great value, the protective properties are high).

An example of a certificate of conformity for a mortise lock with an indication of the security class

In addition to resistance to opening, the mechanism is tested for secrecy, reliability and strength. Based on all these indicators, the lock is assigned a final security class.

Interior models with decorative handles

All interior types of internal locks can be classified:

Overhead locks are installed directly on the door leaf from the inside, so the mechanism of the locking device is away from the outer surface of the door. Overhead devices are suitable for installation on both wooden and metal doors.

• the possibility of installation without the involvement of a professional;
• installation, repair, replacement without violating the integrity of the door leaf;
• the possibility of opening the door from the inside with a rotary handle;
• the admissibility of using both the main and the additional locking device.

• the impossibility of mounting on doors with a double porch;
• ease of opening from the inside (if an intruder entered the room through a window, he could easily exit through the door).

Surface disc lock

Overhead locks, as well as mortise locks, are assigned security classes.

In addition to fastening technology, locking devices are also classified according to the type of locking mechanism, which can be called a key indicator that affects reliability. Mortise, overhead and even hinged modifications may differ in their internal structure, depending on the built-in mechanism.

iron door lock

The crossbar (rack) lock is a simple device, inside of which there is a crossbar (rail) with teeth and machined grooves. The kit comes with a long key with grooves that match when inserted into the keyhole.

Unlike other types of locks, where unlocking occurs by turning, the crossbar is opened by pressing the key into the keyhole. In this case, a spring is compressed inside the device and the locking rail is shifted to the side.

The bolt mechanism belongs to the first class of safety, that is, it has low protective properties. There is an opinion that this lock can be opened with a pencil, so it should not be used to lock rooms that contain something valuable.

Scope of application: gates, gates, access doors, utility rooms, any premises in which there are no especially valuable things.

Bolt lock device

Among the popular cylinder locks, types can be distinguished:

Disc locking devices were developed by the Finnish company Abloy, so they are often called Finnish, or abloy, regardless of who the manufacturer is.

Inside the case, in a special cylinder, there are disks with free rotation relative to each other. Each disk has a hole into which the key is inserted, as well as a groove for a special balance rod. When inserting the "native" key into the well, the disks rotate and the grooves of each line up in one row, forming a place for the balance rod to enter. The cylinder with disks rotates and the bolt opens.

If there is an attempt to open the mechanism with another key, the disks do not turn, the "groove" for the rod is not formed. The rod turns out to be clamped between the disks and the cylinder wall, the cylinder does not turn, the opening does not occur.

The more disks in the cylinder, the more reliable the device. Disc mechanisms of class 1-2 are often used in interior doors, with more a high degree reliability - in other rooms, but as a rule they are an additional protection device.

The components of the locking mechanism of the pin cylinder lock are spring pins, which, by inserting the "native" key, line up in the desired position and allow it to turn.

The device of the pin cylinder locking mechanism

English door locks - pin with a cylinder mechanism, can be installed in metal and wooden doors, used as the main and additional protection. There are many larvae on the market with varying degrees of protection, the most reliable are those in which several types of secret mechanisms are used at once.

The main disadvantage of cylinder mechanisms is the possibility of knocking out the larvae. Therefore, this type of locks is recommended to be installed on the front door complete with special cylinder protection (protector). The protector can be overhead or mortise.

The secret part of the lever lock is the plates (levers), in which special figured cutouts are made. The set comes with a key with beards, each of which is designed for a separate lever. When the key is turned, the protrusions of each barb press on the plates, and they, in turn, move to a given individual distance. Opening occurs if all plates are in the correct position.

According to the type of installation, lever locks are mortise or overhead type. Overhead - a good solution for garage premises, mortise - for the entrance doors of apartments.

Important characteristics of the lever locking device:

• the number of levers (6 levers is more than 100 thousand different combinations);
• number of crossbars;
• the material of the sliding parts (crossbars) must be resistant to sawing (hardened steel);
• the size of the lock must allow installation in the desired (existing) door.

Lever type door locks

Often lever devices are installed in combination with other systems. At the same time, the established types of locks can be dependent (one blocks the other) and independent.

To prevent drilling of the deadbolt stand, the entire lock structure can be protected with special armored plates.

To lock access doors, gates, various rooms inside the building, push-button combination locks are used. One of the main advantages of the coding mechanism is that there is no need to use a key, but as far as the degree of protection is concerned, it is not great.

Disadvantages: Buttons often get stuck and erased, which allows you to calculate a possible code. Therefore, for greater reliability, it is necessary to regularly recode. In frosty weather, mechanisms often refuse to work.

Another type of combination lock is a roller lock, which is opened by turning drum rollers with numbers or letters. This mechanism is even more vulnerable and short-lived under intensive use.

Code push-button lock

Electromagnetic locking devices do not have standard locking elements such as crossbars. This type of lock is locked by the force of electromagnetic attraction, so breaking the door is much more difficult.

Mortise electromagnetic locks are considered reliable. If it is not possible to embed, you can use the consignment note, but the most reliable is half embedded.

When buying, pay attention to the following characteristics:

• working temperature;
• holding force at break;
• the presence of a power supply control sensor.

Electromagnetic door lock

Disadvantage: when the power is turned off, the lock opens. In this regard, models have been developed with a sensor that controls the power supply from the mains and the tightness of the door pressure. In case of violation, the sensor sends a signal to the security service and the owner.

Electromechanical locks in their internal structure do not differ much from traditional mechanical ones. The main difference is the possibility of remote opening and closing. By installation, they are mortise and overhead. Mortise are considered more reliable, as they are more protected from third-party access to the mechanism.

Electromechanical locks are classified according to the type of drive: solenoid and motor.

• In places of heavy traffic of people, as a rule, a lock with a solenoid type of drive is installed, since its standard position is open, and when an electric signal is applied, it closes.
• With a motor type of drive, the lock is closed in the standard position; when voltage is applied, it opens. Such devices must not be installed on doors located in the way of emergency evacuation of people.

Electromechanical padlock

If you need to install it outdoors, you should choose models for outdoor use that are resistant to moisture and temperature changes.

For additional protection of the premises from third-party penetration, a model of an electromechanical lock with an invisible installation, that is, without a keyhole, was developed. This type of door lock is used as an addition to other locking devices. After installation, the installation area is not visible either from the inside or from the outside. It is necessary to install in a high-quality metal door without gaps between the box.

• the ability to work without an external power source;
• invisible installation;
• the impossibility of mechanical action;
• remote control.

When choosing a locking device, always start from the area of ​​\u200b\u200bits application. Do not forget that the degree of protection of the room depends not only on the type of lock, but also on the quality of its installation, as well as on the quality of the door. If the door is mounted incorrectly, there is a skew door frame, then no lock can provide reliable protection.

We disassemble the interior door lock: step by step instructions

Situations in life are different, and therefore it is worth playing it safe and learning how to install, disassemble and repair door locks. In addition, all this is extremely simple, especially for those who have basic skills in home repair work. So, let's look at how to disassemble the door lock of an interior door yourself.

Sometimes it becomes necessary to disassemble the interior door lock

Why dismantle the lock

Consider in which cases it may be necessary to disassemble the lock on the interior door:

• Jamming. Over time, it may be necessary to lubricate or adjust the position of the mechanism in the canvas.
• Breaking. If the part wears out or is handled roughly, the system may fail and then repair or complete replacement of the lock will be required.
• Replacement. The need arises when you want to use a more advanced and reliable model, repair or due to a breakdown.
• Permutation. If you are changing the door leaf, you can use the handle and lock from the old sample.
• Key loss. When using complex systems, such a nuisance can also arise. To get into the room you need to disassemble the larva.

Before installing a new door lock, try to assemble the newly removed mechanism to prevent errors when assembling a finishing sample.

Most often, the need to disassemble the lock arises due to its breakdown.

Types of locks for interior doors

To better understand how you can remove a door lock from an interior door, you should consider their classification. So, let's look at the types of interior locks:

• Fale tongue with a handle. This is a standard interior lock, which serves only to temporarily fix the canvas in the closed position. The tongue retracts when the handle is pressed. There is a special type of product - round rotary knobs, a lock with a latch is pre-built into such a handle, which additionally blocks the door.
• Latch. It is installed additionally to block the door from the inside, there is a keyhole or a plug on the outside. Often such locks are mounted on a bathroom, toilet or living room.
• Secret mechanism. Such systems are installed much less frequently, they are mainly used to restrict access to living rooms. This is the same mechanism as on the front door, but often simpler. The most popular types of locks are cylinder and lever locks.

Types of lock mechanisms for interior doors

Let's take a closer look at how to parse each of these types.

Lock with handle

The simplest and most common option is a lock with a handle. It can be either a simple latch without a lock, or a more complex mechanism that involves the use of a key. How to deal with such fittings?

First of all, you need to take care of removing the handle itself. To do this, unscrew the screw from the side or bottom using a screwdriver or a hex wrench. For nobs, a special key is used to lock the spring-loaded pin. Then remove the decorative trim and unscrew the fixing screws. Remove the handle together with the axial part. This will give you access to the lock mechanism.

Scheme of the device of an interior lock with a handle

In order to disassemble the lock itself, you must first unscrew the plate from the end part. it can be held by 2-4 screws. After that, removing the tongue with all the other details is not difficult. You just need to push them in and get through the hole in the door leaf at the place where the handle was installed.

For a latch lock, there is a slightly different, but nevertheless largely similar principle of operation. In order to disassemble such a mechanism, you will need to initially remove the part that is located on the front side of the door.

To do this, unscrew the decorative cap from the side of the plug, it is often attached to the thread, but there are models that are fixed on the latch. After that, unscrew the screws that have opened to you and carefully remove the mechanism, including from the reverse side.

Scheme of the interior latch device

To remove the lock, unscrew the end plate and gently push the inside of it. If the latch is connected to the handle, you will need to completely disassemble both to get the part you are interested in.

If you plan to completely replace the lock, do not forget to unscrew the strike plate on the door frame.

Complex locks

Another question – how to disassemble the mechanism of an interior door lock, which is locked with a key and contains more complex details at its core? We are talking primarily about such types as a cylinder and lever lock.

If we talk about the cylinder, in order to remove it, you need to unscrew the plate from the end and remove the front front part. This is done in the same way as in the case of the latch. Then, using a screwdriver or other handy tool, carefully slide the lock so that it can be removed from the end of the blade.

Diagram of a complex lock device

If the mechanism uses the fixation of the larva, you need to turn it slightly with the key, setting it in such a way that its position does not interfere with the movement of the lock. When carrying out work, try not to damage the internal parts.

The lever lock is even easier to deal with. In order to get it out of the door, you also need to unscrew the plate and gently push it to the edge. When at least half a centimeter is released, you can pick up the lock with your hands or pry with a screwdriver. In any case, you must act with extreme caution so as not to damage the parts, otherwise the further operation of the mechanism may be in question.

Need a master? Professional craftsmen will perform any work Order a repair

To protect the house from the entry of strangers, locks are installed on the doors. They are different types and types, so choosing the model of interest, taking into account your requirements, will not be difficult.

Classification of door locks

According to the degree of protection and according to the opening mechanism, locks can be divided into the following groups:

• constipation - hook, valve, etc.;
• locks - mechanical, electromechanical, electromagnetic.

A simple option for the unlocking method is constipation. They do not contain a secret locking mechanism and no keys are used to unlock.

Of the locks that have a mechanism, a simple option is mechanical devices. To open or close them, you need a key that is inserted into the well and, depending on the design, is either turned or moved back and forth. As a result, the lock works and the door opens.

An electrical signal is used to control electromechanical and electromagnetic devices. They allow the use of a remote control to open the system remotely. It is possible to use fingerprint or palm reading, voice control, etc.

According to the mounting option, locks are:

• overhead,
• mortise / built-in,
• mounted.

Overheads are less practical, so their use is gradually fading away. The lock consists of two important elements: on the one hand, there is a secret mechanism and a latch, on the other hand, a striker.

Mortise-type door devices are more practical and popular. The main part during fastening is located in the body of the door. From the outside, only a keyhole, a decorative panel and a handle to open the door are visible. The counterpart is located in the same way in the door frame.

Built-in type lock is more practical. It is also located inside the door leaf, but with the only difference that it does not crash into it, but is installed during the manufacturing process of the door. A distinctive feature of such devices is the presence of crossbars, which can be located not only in the lock area, but also around the entire perimeter of the door.

The padlock is used only for locking outbuildings. Because its use on the entrance or interior doors is impractical.

Almost any castle contains the same set of elements:

• castle larvae;
• retractable crossbars;
• pens;
• fake tongue;
• patch panel.

A distinctive feature of locks for interior doors is the absence of a secret mechanism, while door devices for entrance blocks cannot do without them. The more combinations of the lock, the more reliable the locking device.

There are certain types of door structures that fall into the category of burglar-resistant. It is impossible to open such a lock without a native key.

According to the type of locking mechanism, door devices are divided into lever and cylinder.

Locks can be either purchased in specialized stores or on the construction market, or made on the door with your own hands. For such a constipation, it is much more difficult to find a key, it is assembled from high-quality elements, and only the developer knows the scheme of the secret part.

In addition, locks are divided according to the scope, in connection with which they are:

• for entrance doors;
• for interior doors.

Their device is approximately the same, but there are still differences, which allows you to distinguish between devices for their intended purpose.

Lock mechanism

The larva is the main part of the castle. The safety of personal property depends on its reliability and secrecy.

Depending on the design, the larvae are:

• cylinder;
• level;
• disk;
• crossbar;
• cross.

Cylinder devices are characterized by the location of the secret mechanism in a kind of cylinder. It consists of several pins that are responsible for opening and closing the lock. In order to unlock such a device, a key is needed, with special notches, which, when the key is turned, will mix the pins into a certain position.

Level types are considered more reliable. This is due to the presence of special levers that rise to a certain level when the key moves in the keyhole.

The disk device is less reliable, but no less popular. To unlock such a mechanism, you need a key, in the form of a rod cut in half, with characteristic notches. When such a key is turned inside the keyhole, a kind of tunnel is formed and the discs turn, as a result of which the mechanism is unlocked.

Crossbar mechanisms are less reliable, so they are used very rarely. The principle of unlocking consists in the movement of two bolts, which are pulled apart by special keys.

The cross-type larva is the most unreliable. You can crack this type of lock with a Phillips screwdriver at your disposal.

Homemade latch lock

The principle of operation is as follows: a bolt (such as a furniture bolt) is installed in the door, which is turned with a hex key. The bolt goes through the entire thickness of the canvas. On the reverse side of the sash there is a rail (latch), which is attached to the bolt. For this, a flat flat is made at the end of the hardware. It is performed using a needle file. The rail is mounted on a flat. So that the steel plate does not fall off the bolt, it is supported with a nut, which is screwed on one and the other side of the heck.

To lock the door, the latch must be in the striker.

Now, to open the door, insert a hex key into the head of the bolt and turn. Simultaneously with the turn of the bolt, the latch also turns.

The trick of such a heck is that it is difficult to find the head of the unlocking bolt on the surface of the canvas.

DIY mechanical lock

Such a valve can be made by hand. It is a metal plate that looks like in the picture.

A small hole is made in the sash (about 10 mm). The key stem has a plate at the end that can rotate around its axis. When the key is pushed into the keyhole, the plate with the rod form a single straight line. A limiter is marked on the rod, and the key is inserted into the well clearly along this limiter. Further, the plate is lowered under its own weight and fixed in one of the slots on the valve.

To prevent the rail from falling out during movement, a limiter or stopper is installed for it, made in the form of a stop and two supporting brackets. Thus, on the one hand, the course of the rail is controlled by the stop - limiter, on the other hand, it moves to the first bracket.

Such a system can only be opened by its own key, made for this lock, since it is impossible to find out from the outside the length of the plate attached to the rod.

Electromechanical door device

When the door is locked, the crossbar, consisting of a rod and a head, enters the reciprocal bar, while the spring associated with it is stretched or cocked. The spring is connected to a coil or solenoid. When the electricity is turned off, the spring is released, and the bolt is drawn into the lock.

Attention! If there is no electricity, the lock can be opened from the outside with a key, and from the inside the door is opened using a special lever or button.

Electromagnetic door locks

To understand how to make a magnetic lock with your own hands, first consider its device.

Castle and its device

The main element of the mechanism is an electromagnet, which is a core made of transformer steel in the shape of the letter Sh. Such steel does not have a memory effect and is a magnetically soft material. The core is recruited from a large number of thin plates or made from a single plate.

Around the core is a winding of copper wire coated with enamel. The coil has a large number (up to a thousand or more) turns. When an electric current passes through the winding, an electromagnetic field is created in the core, which controls the operation of the lock.

However, over time, there is a weakening of the mechanical characteristics of the door due to the effect of residual magnetization. To combat it, the effect of changing the polarity of the voltage is used when the locking device is demagnetized. However, in this case, force is required to open the door.

Due to the absence of moving parts, the lock has a long service life.

Since low-alloy steel is used for the manufacture of lock parts, which is easily corroded, they must be protected. For protection, varnishing, galvanizing or nickel plating is used.

The main parameter of the lock is the force of holding the door. To increase the force that is applied to hold the door, it is possible to install several locks. This value depends on the material from which the core and armature are made, the current strength and the number of turns in the coil winding. Performed overhead type.

Electromagnetic or electromechanical locks are installed on fire doors, entrance structures in entrances, etc.

Types of electromagnetic locks

Depending on the work of the anchor, the structures are divided into holding and shear. In holding models, the anchor acts on separation, and in shear models, it shifts in the transverse direction.

For locks of the holding type, when voltage is applied, the resulting magnetic field in the anchor-core circuit keeps the sash from opening.

For shear-type devices, the armature has holes, and the core has protrusions for these holes. When voltage is applied, the armature is brought to the core and is attracted to it. In this case, the protrusions of the magnetic circuit enter the corresponding grooves of the armature. In this case, the holding force is characterized by the force that must be applied to move the anchor, and the design features of the protrusions and holes.

Sliding locks are installed using a tie-in in the end of the leaf and, thanks to this, this type allows you to install a secret magnetic deadbolt on the front door.

We assemble an electromagnetic lock with our own hands

Consider one of the options for assembling the mechanism.

To assemble an electromagnetic lock using your experience, which would be opened using the remote control, you must:

• Pushbutton mortise panel.
• Power Supply.
• Electromagnetic relays. If we are going to open with a four-digit code, then we use at least 5 relays.
• The castle itself.
• Button to open the door from the inside.
• Reed switch and electromagnet.

A keypad, such as model CBD-10V, can be purchased from the market.

Thus, with your own hands you can assemble a lock of any type. And it is important not only to build and beautifully decorate a house or garage, but also to protect it from unwanted visitors with a reliable lock.

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