How to treat a runny nose in a child - the correct and safe treatment of snot in children. Treatment of a runny nose in children - the most effective medication and folk remedies How to treat a runny nose at home for a child

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa is called a runny nose or rhinitis and is the most common childhood disease. And how to get rid of a runny nose quickly, and whether there are emergency methods for treating children, you need to figure it out.

The most common cause of a runny nose is acute respiratory viral infection, which enters the body upon contact with a sick person, after hypothermia. Children begin to suffer from frequent colds when visiting children's groups in kindergartens and schools. Allergic rhinitis is very common in children lately.

It will not be possible to get rid of a runny nose quickly, since in most cases it is caused by a viral infection. There are no drugs against viruses (viruses cannot be killed), well-known antiviral drugs only alleviate the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, while the immune system produces protective antibodies, we can only relieve the symptoms of the common cold.

You can start treating a runny nose in a child only if you are sure that there are no complications!

How to treat a runny nose quickly

With a cold, snot is accompanied by other signs of the disease: heat, intoxication, cough, pain in the muscles and throat, allergies are disturbed by lacrimation, itching of the eyes and nose, sneezing. The listed symptoms interfere with an active lifestyle, reduce the child's appetite, force them to refuse to visit kindergarten and schools.

Therefore, the treatment of the disease should be comprehensive: drink plenty of fluids, eat foods rich in vitamin C (citrus fruits, black currants, bell peppers, cranberries and rose hips), keep the air temperature in the child’s room no higher than 22 degrees (the colder, the better). Constantly moistening the nose with saline drops will help destroy the virus and relieve the symptoms of a runny nose.

How and how to quickly cure a runny nose in a child:

Antiviral

The initial symptoms of a runny nose can be tried to stop with antiviral drugs. Their intake from the first days of the disease alleviates the main symptoms of a cold. The choice of drugs is wide - Viferon (allowed from the first year), Anaferon, Groprinosin, Arbidol, etc. The choice of the most suitable remedy taking into account other symptoms of the disease and the etiology of the virus, your pediatrician performs.

However, antiviral drugs are not recommended for regular use. They are intended for frequently ill children, if a runny nose begins at the same time as fever and severe intoxication. Rarely ill children do not need to stimulate the immune system, their body itself will cope with a viral infection perfectly.

Remember, no matter how many antiviral pills, antibiotics and other drugs you force the child to take, his runny nose will not end faster than in 5-6 days.

Nasal lavage

The surest thing in the treatment of a runny nose is the removal of snot and washing the nose. Saline solutions are close in composition to physiological ones, they moisturize the nasal mucosa, wash out secretions, and normalize the functioning of epithelial cells. You need to drip them into your nose 4-6 times a day, with heavy secretions you can do it more often, they will not bring harm even to a baby. In babies, snot is removed with an aspirator, and children after 2 years should be taught to blow their nose.

For older children, a solution for washing the nose can be prepared independently by stirring a teaspoon of sea salt without a slide in a liter of boiled water. The child should draw in the solution from one nostril and blow it back out. If the child does not agree to rinse the nose, do not force it - buy a pharmacy saline spray and use it.

When using factory pharmacy sprays - Humer, Quicks, Dolphin, Aquamaris - the nose breathes more freely, abundant liquid discharge does not disturb. Regular irrigation of the nose with saline sprays will allow you to completely abandon vasoconstrictor and antiviral drugs, reduce the frequency of colds and relapses of chronic rhinitis.

Cleansing the nose of snot and washing with isotonic solutions is the main and, one might say, the only treatment for a runny nose in infants.

In children over 6 years old, onions and garlic will help get rid of a runny nose. It is necessary to sniff a napkin with chopped garlic, onions, eat 2 cloves of garlic a day. To breathe garlic vapors effectively - you need to place plates with chopped garlic around the house.

If the child attends school, you need to hang a bag of chopped garlic on his chest. Garlic is desirable to change every 3 hours. The method really works!

Antihistamines

The first remedy for allergic rhinitis is to eliminate contact with the allergen, and then take an antihistamine pill. Antihistamines are not used for infectious rhinitis, as they dry out the mucous membrane, which further increases the runny nose and discomfort in the nose.

Warm

For children over 3 years old, hot foot and hand baths will help to quickly relieve the symptoms of a runny nose. You need to soar the limbs for no more than 10-15 minutes, after which the legs are covered with turpentine and wrapped in a warm blanket.

Vasoconstrictor

Vasoconstrictor drops will not reduce the duration and severity of the disease, but they will effectively and quickly help get rid of a runny nose and congestion. They can be used only with severe congestion and no more than 3 days, because addiction quickly develops to them, the risk is high side effects, and for children under one year old, they are completely unsafe. First, the nose must be cleaned of snot and rinsed with saline.

For children, we recommend using Xylometazoline, Nazol baby or Nazol kids drops. Children under 2 years old are allowed nasal drops - the spray can provoke an attack of suffocation. Older children need to buy only a spray - it is dosed, it penetrates the walls of the nose better, and less often causes side effects.

Inhalations

Inhalations normalize nasal breathing, relieve swelling. For inhalation in young children, you can use a nebulizer. In the treatment of school-age children, inhalations are widely used over a decoction of chamomile, eucalyptus, sage or over hot water with a few drops of essential oil of coniferous trees, mint or sage oil.

Massage

With a runny nose and nasal congestion, acupuncture massage of pain points effectively manifests itself. You need to massage and press two points along the edges of the bridge of the nose, at the inner corners of the eyebrows and in the pits near the nostrils. Such a massage is very important for children under one year old, medicinal treatment which are unsafe and undesirable.

Carrot and beet juice

Juice safely and effectively helps to overcome both thick and runny nose. Juice should be squeezed daily, used fresh, diluted twice with boiled water before use. Drip instead of drops in the nose.

Children do not have vital situations when they need to get rid of a cold urgently, rather, it is a whim of worried parents. All a baby needs with a runny nose is to stay at home for a couple of days, lie down in bed and drink plenty of warm liquids.

If a runny nose is not accompanied by a temperature, or it does not exceed 37.5 degrees, then you should not skip walks on the street. Cool moist air is detrimental to viruses, it will stop the runny nose, you will feel relief, the body will receive the missing amount of oxygen.

What not to do

Procedures that can harm the health of the child:

• Do not heat the area of ​​the nose and sinuses. Heat is contraindicated at elevated temperature, purulent processes.
• Children can be harmed by blowing their nose loudly and for a long time. In children under 5 years of age, there is a risk of loss of consciousness.
• Unnecessarily prescribe antibiotics, antiviral agents.
• Use vasoconstrictor drugs for more than 3 days.
• Drip undiluted juices of medicinal plants into the nose, take medicinal tinctures orally.
• Use one handkerchief throughout the day. Viruses and bacteria come out with secretions, so you need to wipe your nose with disposable, preferably wet, wipes. To avoid maceration on the skin, smear under the nose with dexpanthenol or an anti-irritant baby cream.

When it is impossible to get rid of a runny nose quickly

There are cases of chronic rhinitis, from which it is impossible to get rid of quickly:

• In chronic inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx - chronic pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, adenoids. These diseases need to be eliminated by long-term therapy.
• With polyposis and adenoiditis, with a deviated nasal septum, thickened nasal conchas, only surgical treatment allows getting rid of a runny nose.

When to Call a Doctor

A runny nose is not a terrible disease, and most parents cope with it themselves without medical help. But there are situations when it is extremely undesirable to neglect the examination of a doctor:

1. If the snot does not pass within a week, the temperature rises again, nasal congestion, chills and weakness appear.
2. If the child began to complain of pain in the ears or painless discharge from the ears. Persistent colds lead to chronic otitis media and hearing loss in children. Boys are more susceptible to this.
3. If the child is very lethargic, discharge with streaks of blood began to come out of the nose.
4. A child under one year old should be examined by a doctor for any signs of a cold.

At long-term treatment If your child is a vasoconstrictor, remember that the effects of these drops may take much longer to treat. After all, it takes at least 2-3 years to restore the mucosa after getting used to vasoconstrictors and the development of drug-induced rhinitis. Therefore, treat the disease, use methods for the prevention and destruction of the virus, and only in this case, intoxication and snot will not torment your baby.

Content

Increased secretion of mucus from the nose in children occurs more often than in adults, and proceeds in a more severe form. Protracted rhinitis eventually spreads to the lungs, bronchi, develops inflammation of the ear (otitis media). For this reason it is necessary fast treatment runny nose in children at home, which is carried out both medically and folk recipes. To avoid complications, the child needs to remove the swelling of the mucous membrane and return normal breathing through the nose.

What is a runny nose in children

The main symptom of childhood rhinitis is the intense production of nasal mucus, which in itself is not dangerous to health. It traps dust particles, moisturizes the inhaled air, and has antiseptic and protective properties. However, with an infectious or viral disease, the amount of mucus increases several times, because the body begins to intensively produce a muconasal secret in order to remove pathological microorganisms from the nasopharynx. As a result, the baby suffers from a profuse runny nose.

How to cure

In most cases, the treatment of a runny nose in a child occurs at home. If a cold occurs with complications, then hospitalization may be required. Urgent health care required for a baby or preschooler if he has:

• body temperature above 39.5°C;
• loss of consciousness;
• respiratory failure;
• convulsions;
• purulent discharge in the nose.

There are several treatments available to relieve the symptoms of a runny nose. The first thing to do is to clear the nasal passages of mucus with a disinfectant solution. For this, saline solutions are used, based on sea salt, Miramistin, Furacilin. Further, the method of treating a runny nose is prescribed by a doctor on an individual basis, depending on the cause that caused the pathology.

Preparations for the treatment of the common cold in children

To treat the common cold in children quickly, different groups and forms of drugs are used. For children under 6 years of age, medicines are used in the form of drops, and for adolescents - a spray. After diagnosis, doctors prescribe treatment with one or more of the following drug groups:

• vasoconstrictor, after which the swelling of the nasal mucosa disappears, breathing is restored;
• hormonal, with anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, anti-allergic activity;
• antiseptic, used to destroy viruses and fungi with bacterial rhinitis;
• antiviral, which are designed to destroy the virus that enters the body;
• immunomodulatory, which should be used at the beginning of the disease in order to avoid taking antiseptics and antibacterial agents;
• homeopathic, anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous effect in acute rhinitis;
• antihistamines, which are prescribed for allergic rhinitis.

Drops

Among children's therapeutic drops for intranasal administration, there are antibacterial drugs, vasoconstrictor, antihistamines and medicines for nourishing and softening the mucosa, prepared on an oil basis. Most Popular:

1. Sanorin. Drops have a rapid vasoconstrictive effect. Treatment of the common cold in children with Sanorin is prescribed from the age of two. Dosage: from 2-6 years old - 1 drop 2-3 times / day in each nostril, from 6 to 15 years old - 2 drops 3 times / day. Drops are applied for 3 days. Prolonged use leads to reactive congestion of the nasal mucosa and to chronic congestion.
2. Nazol Advance. Combined drug used to treat acute rhinitis various etiologies. Before use, it is recommended to clean the nasal passages with saline, then drip 2 doses into each passage 2 times / day. Course duration - no more than 3 days. Incorrect use may result in headache, nausea, fatigue.

Furacilin nose drops for children

If a runny nose develops during a cold, then this indicates the active reproduction of bacteria in the nasal cavity. Furacilin-adrenaline drops will help the child's body get rid of an unpleasant condition. As the name implies, the composition of the drug contains two components. Furacilin is an excellent antiseptic, which is used even with purulent sinusitis.

Adrenaline quickly constricts blood vessels, which helps to facilitate breathing through the nose. In pediatric practice, this drug is prescribed in a minimum concentration: 2-3 drops are instilled into each nasal passage, no more than 3 times / day. The duration of application is 3 days. If during this period the symptoms of a runny nose have not disappeared, a full course of treatment with drops is prescribed, but not more than 7 days.

Nasal sprays

Long and copious discharge from the nose are quickly eliminated by nasal sprays. When irrigating the nasopharynx, the particles of the medicine even reach the internal sinuses, and the design of the vial eliminates overdose and the development of adverse reactions. The most popular drugs for children:

1. Snoop. It has a vasoconstrictive effect, quickly and effectively relieves swelling of the mucosa. The spray is intended for the treatment of children from 2 years. Assign 1 injection 2-3 times / day, lasting no more than 7 days. Do not use Snoop for atherosclerosis, hypertension, hypersensitivity to components.
2. Vibrocil. A combined remedy that is prescribed for bacterial, viral or allergic rhinitis. The vasoconstrictive effect is weakly expressed. It has antihistamine, decongestant. anti-inflammatory action. Assign to children after 6 years of 1-2 injections 3-4 times / day for 7 days. If used incorrectly, it may develop allergic reactions and drug rhinitis.

Inhalations

An effective home method for treating a runny nose is inhalation of steam (inhalation with a nebulizer or herbal decoctions). Therapy is indicated for children who have developed rhinitis against the background of ARVI or a cold. If the runny nose is allergic in nature, then inhalation with decoctions or other means will not help. In any case, this method of treatment should be agreed with the doctor. What is inhalation for? With this procedure, you can:

• clear the nasal cavity of secretions;
• moisturize the nasal mucosa;
• stimulate blood circulation;
• deliver antiseptics, anti-inflammatory and other drugs to the focus of inflammation.

rinses

With prolonged mucous discharge from the nose with any complex treatment rinsing the nasal cavity with saline is prescribed. You can buy it at the pharmacy or prepare it yourself. The benefit of rinsing is that sodium chloride is close in concentration to blood serum in composition, so the child's body does not regard it as a foreign element. Salt solution induces ciliated epithelial cells to an active immune response. Rinsing is indicated not only for the treatment of the common cold, but also for the preventive cleaning of the nose of infants.

How to warm up the nose at home

If the cause of rhinitis in a child is a virus, then effective treatment there will be the use of vasoconstrictor drugs and warming compresses. A boiled chicken egg, heated salt, rye cake can serve as a nasal warmer. All these products are wrapped in a warm cloth and applied to the sinuses. Compresses should be done at night, as it is possible to keep warm longer by wrapping your son or daughter tightly and putting him to bed.

How to treat a runny nose

snot on initial stage diseases (if rhinitis is not accompanied by fever) can be removed by washing the nose with saline. Give good results folk remedies from the common cold for children. A mixture of aloe juice with a solution of honey (1: 1 with water) has excellent antiseptic properties. The tool is used for incipient rhinitis of various etiologies. To prepare it, you need to place an aloe leaf in the refrigerator overnight, then squeeze the juice with a grater. Water solution honey should be mixed with juice 1:1 and instilled into each nasal passage 2-3 hours before bedtime.

Treatment of a chronic runny nose in children

To relieve the symptoms of sinusitis or chronic rhinitis, antiseptics and rinsing the nose with saline solutions will help. Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses will be removed by vasoconstrictor drops and inhalations of mucolytics (mucus thinners). With purulent rhinitis, it is necessary:

• carry out systematic antibiotic therapy(Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin);
• apply local anti-inflammatory drugs (Pinosol, Hydrocortisone);
• resort to physiotherapy (UHF, SMV).

How to treat bacterial rhinitis

The treatment regimen is based on the elimination of pathogenic bacteria, therefore, it includes cleaning the nasal cavity, increasing immunity, restoring mucosal tissues and preventive measures to prevent relapses. Medicines for external use are widely used in the form of ointments, sprays, drops in combination with folk methods. Excellent results were recorded when washing the nose with a decoction of sage and chamomile. To eliminate a bacterial infection, a complex administration of drops is recommended: Vibrocil, after 5 minutes Miramistin, after 5 minutes Isofra.

Treatment of a runny nose in children with folk remedies quickly

In the treatment of rhinitis, eucalyptus essential oil is perfect as an adjuvant. You can use it in several ways: dilute it with water 1: 4 and rinse the child's nose three times / day or instill nasal passages 4 times / day. No less effective for prolonged rhinitis is onion juice diluted with water (3 drops per 5 ml). 2 drops should be instilled into each nostril 2-3 times a day. Diluted with water 1:1, Kalanchoe juice also gives a quick healing effect to remove excess mucus from the nose. It must be instilled with a runny nose at any stage 2-3 times / day.

Discuss

Treatment of a runny nose in children - the most effective nasal drops, folk remedies, washing and warming

Content

If we compare the runny nose in adults and children, then in the latter it occurs more often and proceeds in a more severe form. For this reason, it is important to eliminate the swelling of the mucosa as soon as possible and help restore normal nasal breathing to the baby. Runny nose is only a symptom of various diseases, but has several general principles treatment regardless of etiology. It is dangerous because inflammation can spread to the bronchi, auditory tube and lungs.

What is a runny nose in children

The concept of "runny nose" is the popular name for rhinitis, which is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa under the influence of an irritant. This symptom accompanies colds, although it often acts as a sign of allergies. The functions of the mucous membrane are to trap dust particles and humidify the inhaled air. With an infectious or viral disease, active production of muconasal secretion begins - mucus that neutralizes pathogenic microorganisms. Abundant mucus secretion is the main symptom of rhinitis.

In babies, this can occur with infections, allergies, reactions to dust and cold, or atrophy (disorders in the function of nerve endings) of the nasal mucosa. Depending on the cause, rhinitis is divided into several types:

How to cure a runny nose in a child

You can cope with rhinitis at home. Hospitalization is required only in case of severe course of the underlying disease or the presence of complications. Indications for inpatient treatment are:

• temperature is more than 39.5 degrees;
• purulent process in the nasal cavity;
• loss of consciousness;
• respiratory failure;
• convulsions.

Remedies for the common cold for children under one year old: Xymelin, Nazol Baby, Nazivin baby. These are vasoconstrictor drugs that are allowed to be used for no more than 3 days. Older babies (2-3 years old) can be taught to blow their nose. The main condition is to close each nostril separately, and then exhale sharply through the nose. Other treatments for rhinitis in young children:

Preparations

Properly selected drugs quickly help to cure a runny nose in a child. Therapy involves an integrated approach, so several drugs are used at once. Each category of drugs used is prescribed to relieve certain symptoms:

• vasoconstrictor: Vibrocil, Brizolin, Otrivin, Nazivin. Needed to facilitate nasal breathing with congestion.
• antiseptics: Miramistin, Chlorhexidine. Washing them helps to wash away and destroy bacteria and viruses on the mucous membrane.
• anti-inflammatory: Avamys, Aqua-Maris. These are local preparations that remove the waste products of bacteria and soften the crusts in the nose.
• antihistamines: Loratadine. Indicated for allergic rhinitis. They constrict blood vessels, relieve swelling of the mucosa.
• antiviral and antibacterial: Dolphin, Isofra, Polydex, Bactroban, Fusafungin. Used for bacterial or viral nature of rhinitis. Oppress directly the causative agent of the disease.
• antipyretics (antipyretics) and non-narcotic analgesics: Ibuprofen, Paracetamol. In newborns up to 3 months, these drugs are used at temperatures above 38 degrees, older than this age - when the mark exceeds 39 degrees. When complicated by febrile convulsions (convulsive seizures against the background of hyperthermia), an antipyretic is given already at 37.5-38 degrees.
• immunomodulators: Grippferon, Derinat drops, IRS-19. These drugs strengthen the general and local immunity. They are needed to speed up recovery.

All of these drugs are available in various forms, including drops, sprays, solutions for irrigation of the nasal mucosa, ointments, tablets. They are used from different ages. Popular in the treatment of rhinitis in children are:

1. Nazivin. Based on oxymetazoline, which has a vasoconstrictive effect. Used for otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear), rhinitis, including vasomotor and allergic, eustachitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the auditory (Eustachian) tube). For children 1-6 years old, Nazivin 0.025% drops are instilled 1-2 drops 2-3 times a day, At the age of 12 months - 1 drop of the drug 0.01% 2-3 times. The course is 3-4 days. Contraindications: atrophic rhinitis, glaucoma (increased intraocular pressure). Side effects include insomnia, headache, sneezing, dryness and burning of the nose. The advantage is the ability to use from the moment of birth.
2. Avamis. Active ingredient contains fluticasone furoate. It is a synthetic glucocorticosteroid (adrenal hormone) that has an anti-inflammatory effect. Used for allergic rhinitis. Children 2-11 years old are shown 1 injection in each nostril 1 time per day. Among side effects headache, nosebleeds, hives (skin rash in the form of blisters) may appear. Contraindications: taking Ritonavir (an antiviral agent), severe liver disease. advantage - the action begins 1-2 hours after application.
3. Dolphin. One sachet of the product contains sea salt, sodium bicarbonate, dry extracts of licorice and rose hips. The drug has antiviral and antimicrobial effects. It is used for adenoiditis (inflammation and growth of the nasopharyngeal tonsil (adenoids)), runny nose, sinusitis, SARS, allergies, rhinitis, tonsillitis. It is necessary to carry out washing 1-2 times daily for 2 weeks. Side effects: nosebleeds, eustachitis. Contraindications include age up to 4 years, complete nasal congestion, a tendency to bleeding, deformities of the nasal septum. Advantage - Dolphin is also available in a herbal-free form that is suitable for patients with herbal allergies.

Treatment at home

If the cause of rhinitis is an allergen, then it is necessary to eliminate it.. It is important to constantly monitor that the kids do not accumulate mucus in the nose. Their nasal passages are narrow, so even with a mild runny nose, they are completely deprived of normal breathing. To free the nostrils from mucus, an aspirator is used - this is a device with which you can safely "suck" the mucus from the nostrils. This method is especially relevant for infants. For washing you need:

1. Drip a couple of drops of saline, Aqualor, Aqua Marisa into the nostrils.
2. Use an aspirator to suck out the mucus from the nose.

Comprehensive treatment of the common cold in children involves the use of a number of procedures. They can also be carried out at home. Of the simplest - this is a plentiful drink, humidification and cooling of the air in the room. Among the special procedures to eliminate the common cold help:

• nasal lavage;
• warming up;
• acupressure;
• inhalation;
• mustard plasters;
• compresses.

Nasal lavage

This method helps to clear the nasal passages and make the airway mucosa moist, further increasing its protective functions. Some features of the procedure:

1. Toddlers should not be flushed with syringes or syringes, as their nasal passages are much narrower compared to adults. These devices create excessive pressure at the site of application, which, if performed incorrectly, can only do harm.
2. If the child succeeds, then he can draw liquid into the nostrils on his own from a cup or directly from his hands.

Before the procedure, it is necessary to blow your nose, and in case of congestion, drip vasoconstrictor drops. When breathing is restored, you can start washing. This manipulation is carried out over the sink as follows:

• the head of the baby should be tilted to the side;
• in this position, the solution is poured into the upper nostril and, if the actions are performed correctly, it will pour out of the lower one;
• then the head is tilted to the other side and the previous steps are repeated;
• at the end of the procedure, you need to blow your nose.

For children under 2 years of age, washing is carried out in the supine position. For the procedure, you can use Aqualor, Dolphin, Aqua Maris. They have special mini-devices - tips that are inserted into the nostril, which will be on top in the "sideways" position. After a couple of seconds of washing, you need to help the baby blow his nose. The solution for washing can be prepared at home:

• take 0.25 tsp for a glass of warm boiled water. salt;
• stir until it is completely dissolved;
• if the salt has not completely dissolved, strain through several layers of gauze.

warming up

This procedure is strictly contraindicated at high temperature and suspicion of otitis media or purulent processes in the sinuses. Heating is not used at the very beginning inflammatory diseases because it can only aggravate the pathological process. Thermal procedures are carried out in the following ways:

• boil an egg, wrap it with a scarf and apply it to the area of ​​​​the wings of the nose and forehead above the bridge of the nose;
• heat a small amount of salt in a frying pan, put it on a natural cloth, fold it into a “pouch” and apply it to the wings of the nose;
• boil millet porridge, cool to a warm state, roll balls out of it, and then apply it through the fabric to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe wings of the nose.

Acupressure

This is another good cold remedy for children. The procedure facilitates the breathing process and speeds up recovery. Contraindications are high temperature (more than 37.5 degrees), redness and irritation of the skin at the site of exposure. Massage rules:

• start immediately after the onset of a runny nose;
• carry out the procedure regularly for 10 days;
• observe the session duration of 10 minutes;
• repeat up to 3 times a day.

The hands of the one who will carry out the massage should be warm so that the procedure does not cause discomfort, and the movements should be pressing and rotating clockwise, continuous and slow. During the session, the baby may experience a feeling of ache. This indicates the correct pressure on the desired point. You need to act on:

• paired points located at the beginning of the eyebrow on both sides of the bridge of the nose;
• at the outer corners of the eyes;
• points between the upper lip and the lower borders of the wings of the nose.

Inhalations

Effective treatment of the common cold in children includes a procedure such as inhalation. It consists in inhaling air containing a medicinal substance. The simplest type of inhalation is over steam from a pot of hot water. To provide therapeutic effect herbs can be added to the liquid, essential oils eg eucalyptus, fir, pine. Plants such as chamomile, sage, calendula are well suited for the procedure. Sometimes freshly boiled potatoes are used.

Such a simple method as "breathing over the pan" can cause burns in the baby, so it is better to use a nebulizer. This is a special device for inhalation, which turns the medicine into small particles - a fine aerosol. Contraindications for inhalation:

• age up to 7 years;
• heat;
• sinusitis (inflammation paranasal sinuses), otitis and other purulent processes in the nasal cavity.

mustard plasters

This procedure for a runny nose is considered "distracting", so more often it is not necessary.. The function of mustard plasters is to increase blood circulation and irritate the skin in reflexogenic zones associated with foci of inflammation. Such a procedure is shown already in the recovery period after treatment for:

• pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs);
• sinusitis;
• bronchitis.

Compresses

Another procedure in which heat has a therapeutic effect on the sinuses is a compress. It is strictly contraindicated in the bacterial etiology of the common cold, since the number of bacteria with this method of treatment will only increase. Compresses are effective on early stage viral infections. It is better to do them in the evening before going to bed, so that later you can wrap the child warmer and put them to bed, thereby ensuring peace. Several effective compress recipes.

1. Cut the boiled potatoes in half, wrap with a cloth and put on the chest of the sick person. When the vegetable has cooled, you can remove the wrapper. The compress is left on the chest for 20 minutes.
2. Take fresh propolis, grate and mix with 1 tablespoon of thick honey. The mass must have a uniform consistency so that a cake can be made from it. It is applied to the nasal sinus and fixed with adhesive tape.

How to cure a runny nose in a child up to a year

In newborns, a runny nose is associated with the adaptation of the mucous membrane to environmental conditions and spontaneous breathing, this happens, because. In the womb, oxygen was supplied through the umbilical cord. Such a physiological process rarely causes discomfort, so it behaves calmly. When a runny nose is combined with behavioral disorders, poor sleep and fever, it is imperative to start treatment:

• ensure optimal humidity in the room by placing water containers and hanging wet rags on the radiator;
• regularly clear the nasal passages of mucus, using cotton turundas up to the age of 9 months, and then an aspirator;
• instill a weak saline solution of 5 g of salt in half a glass of water;
• with severe congestion, use Nazivin drops;
• if the child is already 5 months old, thin the mucus with saline, then suck the mucus with an aspirator.

Madys under the age of m are allowed to bury Xilen, Vibrocil, Otrivin. Babies older than 7 months are allowed to be treated with Interferon drops. Allowed from the first days of life is the drug Grippferon. More about the most effective among the listed drugs:

1. Otrivin Baby. The spray includes a saline solution, and the dropper bottle contains sodium chloride. Both forms of the drug are necessary for cleansing the nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis, colds. Babies under the age of 12 months need to instill Otrivin Baby 2-4 times a day, after clearing the nostrils of mucus with an aspirator. After instillation, remove excess solution. Contraindications: individual intolerance to the composition of the drug and allergy to its components. The advantage is that there are no side effects.
2. Grippferon. Contains human interferon, which has antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Grippferon is indicated for influenza and SARS. Dosage - up to one year of age, apply 1 instillation into each nostril up to 5 times daily. Course - 5 days. Of the side effects, only allergies are possible. Contraindications include severe allergic diseases and sensitivity to interferon. Advantage - it is allowed to use for prophylaxis in the indicated dosage after 1-2 days.

How to cure a chronic runny nose

When a runny nose does not go away for 2 or more weeks, this means that it has passed into a protracted or even chronic form. Discharge from the nose becomes greenish or yellowish. Against their background, cough, headache, loss of appetite and smell are observed. The temperature remains at 37 degrees. In this case, you should consult a doctor who will prescribe adequate therapy. With an allergic nature, the treatment of a runny nose in a child has the following scheme:

• if flowers are an allergen, then you need to remove them from the house and not walk in places with a lot of flowering trees;
• limit contact with pets;
• after going outside, rinse the nasal cavity with saline, saline or vitamin solution (vitamin A or E), Aquamaris;
• replace bedding with hypoallergenic ones;
• do not irrigate the room with aromatic products or fresheners;
• wash clothes with hypoallergenic compounds.

From the diet it is necessary to exclude products that provoke allergies. These include honey, juices, chips, nuts, soda, sweets, canned food, citrus fruits. Regardless of the type of runny nose, inhalations through a nebulizer or over steam are useful. They are carried out up to 6 times a day, using the following solutions:

• 4 ml of saline (1 ml can be replaced by Ambrovix, but then inhalation is carried out 1 time per day) - for use through a nebulizer;
• decoction of 1 tbsp. l. a mixture of calendula, mint and field St. John's wort per 1 liter of water for inhalation over steam for 5 minutes;
• from Asterisk balm in an amount the size of a match head and a liter of boiling water. You need to breathe over it for 5-10 minutes.

Exceptionally folk remedies with a protracted runny nose can not be coped with. Medications are the mainstay of therapy. For children over 2.5 years old, it is recommended to use Polydex nasal spray to relieve inflammation of the nasal mucosa and vasoconstriction. Among the drops for the treatment of a protracted runny nose are used:

1. Fenistil. Contains dimentiden - a blocker of H1-histamine receptors. It has antipruritic and antiallergic actions. Indicated in allergic rhinitis. Advantage - in the form of drops, the drug is allowed from 1 month. Infants are given orally 3-10 drops up to 3 times a day, children 1-3 years old - 10-15 drops, at the age of 3-12 years - 15-20 drops. It is allowed to add the product to a bottle of water. Contraindications: bronchial asthma, less than 4 weeks old. Side effects include dizziness, dry throat, drowsiness, and agitation.
2. Vibrocil. In addition to dimentidine, it contains phenylephrine. It has a vasoconstrictor and anti-allergic effect. It is used to treat rhinitis: allergic, vasomotor, chronic, acute. You need to instill 1 drop daily up to 3-4 times, for children 2-6 years old - 1-2 drops, over 6 years old - 3-4 drops. The advantage is a minimum of side effects: burning and dryness of the nasal mucosa. Contraindications include atrophic rhinitis, treatment with antidepressants - MAO inhibitors.

How to cure severe runny nose

In acute rhinitis, it is important to start treatment immediately. This symptom is especially dangerous for children under 3 years of age. Acute rhinitis can be recognized by frequent crying for no apparent reason. In addition, the baby touches his nose with his hands, refuses to eat, sleeps only on one side. Treatment of such rhinitis requires a specific approach. The treatment regimen is as follows:

• regularly clean the nasal passages with cotton swabs or turundas;
• children under 2 years of age instill Tizin or Otrivin;
• rinse the nasal passages with Aqualor, Aqua Maris or Dolphin;
• use a saline solution to cleanse the nose;
• children under one year of age suck out mucus only with an aspirator, carry out the procedure before each meal.

Depending on the nature of the disease, antimicrobial or antiviral agents may be used. The following drugs are often prescribed:

1. Amoxicillin. It is a broad spectrum antibiotic. In otolaryngology, it is used to treat pneumonia, bronchitis, tonsillitis. The dosage should be prescribed by a doctor. Children under 5 years of age are traditionally prescribed Amoxicillin suspension. Dose: up to 2 years - 20 mg per 1 kg of weight, from 2 to 5 years - 125 mg, from 5 to 10 years - 250 mg, from 10 years - 250-500 mg. Side effects and contraindications are numerous, so they should be clarified in detailed instructions to amoxicillin. The advantage is the ability to use for newborns.
2. Arbidol. This tool belongs to the antiviral. The drug is based on umifenover, which promotes the production of interferon. Indications for use: SARS, influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome. Daily dose, taking into account age: 3-6 years old - 50 mg, 6-12 years old - 100 mg, from 12 years old - 200 mg. Arbidol is contraindicated in children under 3 years of age. The advantage is that adverse reactions rarely develop.

Folk remedies

Alternative medicine prescriptions for babies are considered safer because they have fewer side effects. They are allowed to be used only for mild rhinitis or at the stage of recovery. TO folk methods include warming up with egg and salt, potato compresses, inhalations over steam. Infants can be treated with drops from plants. Aloe, beets, Kalanchoe help to moisturize and restore the nasal mucosa. Garlic-based drops are stronger.

You should not get involved in such means. Many parents, continuing to lubricate the baby's mucous laundry soap or by dropping aloe juice into the nostrils, they do not notice how the disease passes to the next stage. The effectiveness of many recipes has not been proven, and self-medication is dangerous for the health of the child. You need to be alert for the following symptoms:

• discharge from the nose turned green or gray-green, acquired an unpleasant odor, which indicates a severe bacterial infection;
• pain appeared in the frontal region, in the region of the paranasal sinuses, under the eyes, which are a sign of sinusitis;
• obstruction of the nasal passages and clear liquid discharge appeared after a head injury, which may indicate disorders in the brain;
• blood impurities, clots or ichor appeared in the discharged mucus, which determine the traumatic nature of rhinitis or a foreign body in the respiratory organs.

Living tree

This is the name of Kalanchoe - a plant that has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and wound healing properties. For the treatment of rhinitis, its juice is lubricated with the nasal mucosa. This procedure is repeated up to 4 times daily. Another option is to bury the juice with a pipette. The product should be prepared in advance and stored in the refrigerator. To use Kalanchoe juice for the treatment of infants, act as follows:

• a week before application, you need to stop watering the plant;
• after this period, the leaf of the plant is torn off, put in the refrigerator for 7 days;
• then the raw materials are crushed and the juice is squeezed out (it is also stored in the refrigerator);
• the squeezed juice is diluted with warm boiled water and instilled into each nostril up to 3 times daily.

chamomile

Another popular remedy for a cold is a weak infusion of chamomile. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and moisturizing properties. The remedy is prepared according to the following recipe:

• brew a cup of boiling water 1 tsp. chamomile flowers;
• cool the product to a warm state (36-37 degrees);
• inject into each nostril with a pipette 3-5 drops of infusion up to 3 times throughout the day.

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In babies, a runny nose occurs more often than in adults and is usually more severe. Small children cannot blow their nose on their own, and mothers have to show miracles of ingenuity in order to rid the baby of mucus accumulated in the nose. In older children, treatment is often hampered by overgrown adenoids - this is how doctors call inflamed nasopharyngeal tonsils.

Banal at first glance, a runny nose can also cause more formidable ones, such as sinusitis or otitis media. At the same time, it happens that snot appears in healthy children, and here the main task of parents is to consider and try to eliminate the cause.

Nasal congestion in a child may occur due to too dry air in the apartment. In this case, it is enough to open the window more often. If this is not enough, but you don’t want to use purchased air humidifiers, you can hang a damp towel on the steam heating battery.

Sometimes the reaction makes the baby sniffle. Watch the child. Perhaps he begins to rub his nose when a cat appears nearby, or after he eats some particular food.

Or maybe you recently bought him a new toy or changed the washing powder? Be sure to tell your doctor about your guesses and try to get rid of the likely allergen as soon as possible.

The cause of difficulty breathing in children may be a foreign object that an inquisitive baby accidentally put into the nasal passage. If you suspect that this has happened, do not try to examine the child yourself or, even worse, get a foreign object. Seek immediate medical attention.

However, the most common cause of a runny nose in children is an acute viral infection. In this case, the snot helps the baby's body to overcome the infection. However, they "work" only if they do not linger in the nose. Turning into a thick mass that makes breathing difficult, the snot turns into an excellent breeding ground for harmful microorganisms.

How to get rid of snot in a child

Use an aspirator

If the snot is liquid, then a special aspirator, which is easy to buy at a pharmacy, will help remove them from the nasal passages.

Put saline in your nose

Saline solution will not thicken the mucus that has accumulated in the nasal passages. Saline can be used to combat the common cold even in newborns and infants. It is necessary to instill saline solution 2-3 drops into the nasal passages previously cleaned with an aspirator.

The technique is as follows: the baby is placed on a barrel, instilled into the spout from a pipette, and then picked up. This procedure can be carried out up to five times a day.

Older children can not only instill saline solution into the nose, but also inhale it through a nebulizer. You can rinse your nose with a syringe or a special Dolphin device, which is sold at a pharmacy. It is important not to overdo it here: the pressure should not be too strong, otherwise the infection can get into the sinuses or the middle ear cavity.

It is not necessary for a child from the age of one to lay on its side. Have your baby sit down and ask him to tilt his head slightly. Gradually pouring saline into the nasal passage, wait until it pours out along with the mucus, and repeat the same for the other nasal passage.

Ask your child to blow his nose

It is important that the baby blows his nose carefully and without tearing, first pinching one nostril with his finger, and then the second.

An important detail: before rinsing the child's nose preschool age, explain to him the essence of the procedure and try to turn this procedure into a game. If the baby is afraid to flush the nasal passages or resist it, you will not be able to rinse the nose well.

How to teach a child to blow his nose

Ideally, teaching a child to blow his nose should be when he is healthy, and do it in a playful way. Offer to play "locomotive" or "hedgehog", explain how the spout should puff and blow out air.

If the baby is sick, you can teach him to blow his nose when he does not have difficulty breathing. Pinch one nostril with your finger and ask the child to blow through his nose, but do not provoke him to blow too much air. Repeat the procedure for the other nostril.

What to do if thick snot prevents the child from breathing

When the snot becomes thick, and nasal breathing is very difficult, vasoconstrictor drops are indispensable. You can only use those that are recommended for young children.

Instillation into the spout of saline in this case will also be very appropriate. It will gradually make the snot more liquid.

What to do if a runny nose does not go away

Be sure to take your child to the doctor if:

• runny nose does not go away within a few days;
• snot acquired a yellow tint;
• child complains.

Otitis media often becomes a complication of a prolonged runny nose. You can suspect otitis in a baby if the baby cries out during feeding, or constantly rubs the ear.

Is it worth it to use "folk" remedies for the treatment of the common cold

There are a lot of recipes for the treatment of the common cold with "folk" remedies. But there are even more complications that can lead to a passion for alternative medicine. Let's look at some of the most popular methods.

ENT doctors are horrified when mothers tell how beetroot, onion or garlic juice was instilled into the child's nose. Some mothers use Kalanchoe juice to free the baby's nose from the accumulation of mucus. It is diluted with water 1/1 and instilled a couple of drops into each nostril. The kid sneezes heartily and thus blows his nose. Doctors do not really like this method: there is always a danger.

You often hear that nursing mothers treat a runny nose in children by digging into the nose breast milk. There is no benefit from this, but the harm is obvious. Milk is an excellent environment for the development of microorganisms.

Another way to treat a runny nose without drugs is dry mustard. It can be poured into the socks of a child older than two or three years, but only if the baby does not have a temperature. Mustard has a warming effect, heat affects the reflexogenic zones, and the runny nose gradually recedes.

But it is not worth warming up the sinuses, especially with prolonged rhinitis, without consulting an ENT doctor. Thus, you can provoke sinusitis.

Runny nose - the most "popular" disease among children and adults. It would seem that it is not a very severe pathology, but how unpleasant it is! For kids, a runny nose is also dangerous, many parents simply have no idea how much. The younger the child, the more severe the banal runny nose and the more problem it becomes for parents.

Runny nose in chest. Photo - photobank Lori

Difficulties in a simple cold

With regard to the common cold, the statement is true: "If a runny nose is treated, it will pass in 7 days, and if not treated, it will pass in a week", but only if we are talking about children after three years with strong immunity and without chronic pathologies. For babies of the first three years of life or those who suffer from adenoid proliferation, have foci of chronic infection in the tonsils, bronchi or internal organs, a runny nose can become a real problem and an impetus for aggravation. Therefore, the parents treatment of a runny nose in the chest should be approached very carefully.

On the one hand, with a common cold, when the child’s well-being does not suffer much, and there is no fever with severe malaise, there is no need to use half the assortment of a neighboring pharmacy. It is unlikely that the baby will appreciate your efforts in hourly washing and suction of snot, instillation and warming up: these procedures are unpleasant, uncomfortable, they should be used only in case of real need.

On the other hand, one cannot completely ignore runny nose baby, because constant snot and sniffing is the risk of throwing infected mucus, developing complications and lowering the infection down, along bronchial tree. A stuffy nose in a baby is a problem of breast sucking and weight gain, normal breathing during sleep. Therefore, it is necessary to treat a runny nose, but this should be done reasonably and carefully, using only justified and safe methods.

Physiological runny nose in infants

All parents know about the pathological runny nose - this is nasal congestion, mucus leakage and inflammation of the mucous membranes due to viral or microbial pathologies. But at an early age there are special types of rhinitis associated with the age characteristics of children, and requiring, because of this specific treatment.

There is such a thing as physiological runny nose, which occurs in children under the age of 2-3 months. During this period, snot in the nose will not necessarily be a sign of a cold or infection, often the reason is to adjust the functioning of the mucous membranes. After giving birth, the baby's nose, abruptly turning from the aquatic environment into the air, is forced to adjust the work. Closer to 10 weeks, the mucosa is included in the work of purifying the air passing through the nose. At this time, the body tests the capabilities of the mucous membranes. At first it produces little mucus, which is felt as a dry nose. Visually, it is not visible, children can only rub their nose or sneeze. Then comes the time for another option - an excess of mucus formation - because of this, nozzles appear that look like water without disturbing general condition that do not interfere with sleep and sucking. But inexperienced mothers begin to treat such a runny nose, which leads to the formation of an already pathological condition.

If the nose is not disturbed, everything will recover quickly, the body knows that it is producing excess mucus and corrects its formation. But if mothers begin to actively suck out mucus from the spout, drip drugs, rinse it with saline, the body believes that moisture disappears, there is not enough of it - and begins to produce it even more. Thus, the more mucus is sucked off and drops are dripped, the stronger the body produces mucus. As a result, you can lead to an already pronounced pathological runny nose, which will prevent the baby from breathing, sucking and sleeping.

We draw conclusions: if the child is less than 3 months old, he has no malaise, fever, signs of a cold, but has a runny nose, while he sucks well and sleeps - this is a physiological runny nose.

What to do: moisten the air with wet towels or a humidifier, ventilate, walk a lot with the baby, breathe fresh air.

Some recommend instilling a few drops of breast milk into the nose, but the opinions of ENT doctors and pediatricians are divided on this issue. Some say it is useful, moisturizes, protects and pierces the nose, others argue that milk is a breeding ground for microbes, increases the risk of complications and otitis media. It is difficult to say who is right here, but it is known that with active and eager sucking, willy-nilly, breast milk can enter the nose (if the baby chokes), but does not cause infection.

Grunting and wheezing in the nose and throat

Around the age of three months, there may be other phenomena similar to a runny nose and sniffling, they are localized deep in the nose and throat, sometimes significantly frightening the mother. But this is not a dangerous phenomenon, it is associated with regurgitation of a small amount of milk, which lingers in the pharynx and posterior nasal passages, and there it turns into curd. The passage of air gives resonance and special sounds. They are relieved by breastfeeding or sucking on a bottle of water.

Runny nose during teething

During the eruption of the upper teeth, "dental snot" may occur, against the background of normal temperature and good health. They are associated with irritation of the branches of the nerve passing in the jaw area, innervating the wings of the nose and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe teeth. Due to the eruption and irritation of the tissues by the teeth, the nerve leading to the nose is also irritated, and water can flow from the same side of the nose.

Attention! If such runny noses drag on, interfere with the baby in sucking, breathing during sleep or wakefulness, if the baby cannot suck normally and worries, his temperature rises - this is not the norm, you need a doctor!

How not to treat a runny nose

Before talking about the treatment of the common cold in children, especially at an early age, it is worth mentioning separately what cannot be done during treatment. Prohibited in the treatment:

• Bury plant juices (aloe, Kalanchoe), onions, garlic, carrot or beet juices into the nose. All these substances contain active fruit acids and chemical compounds that burn the delicate mucosa. As a result, this threatens with atrophic rhinitis and impaired sense of smell.
• Instill various essential oils into the nose. They can also be dangerous in terms of allergies and burns, and they also create a thin film on the surface that sticks together the cilia of the mucous membranes, which disrupts its function, gives viruses and microbes access to the lower respiratory tract.
• Apply for a runny nose such procedures as mustard plasters, jars, as well as pouring mustard into socks.

Simple ways to relieve a runny nose

Standard flowing runny nose in chest does not require aggressive and active treatment (remember the above phrase about seven days and a week). You need to start therapy with simple and non-drug methods: raise the head of the bed where the baby sleeps, put a pillow under your shoulders so that the head and upper body are at an angle of 45 degrees, and so that the baby is comfortable. Due to this position, the mucus will flow more easily from the nose, and sometimes this is enough to eliminate the runny nose.

It is often necessary to ventilate the room, moisten the air by carrying out wet cleaning, using humidifiers or water containers. If the child has a fever, it is necessary to drink frequently and plentifully, offering him boiled water (warm or room temperature). You can not force-feed a child: poor appetite is a normal reaction to a cold.

It is necessary to regularly empty the nose of mucus. Older children can be taught to blow their noses by blowing the mucus out of the nose effortlessly, with the mouth half open, closing one nostril, then the other.

Babies can free their nose from mucus with a nozzle pump or a rubber can.

To facilitate this process, you can use solutions for washing - aquamaris, physiomer, salin, saline or herbal decoctions, as well as a special pharmacy solution romuzalan (chamomile extract). A little solution is instilled into each nasal passage to soften the crusts and thin the mucus. You can eliminate discharge from the nose with flagella made of cotton wool, rags or gauze. It is acceptable to soften the crusts with peach or almond oil, immediately removing it from the spout with cotton flagella.

Medical treatments for the common cold

To eliminate the symptoms of a runny nose, including in young children, you can use children's drops - Otrivin, Brizolin, Vibrocil, Nazivin and others. Each age has its own types of drugs and their forms: for children under three years old - drops, after three years - sprays. The maximum period of use of these drugs does not exceed 5 days, so as not to form addiction and withdrawal syndrome. There are a number of rules for the use of such drops so that they do not harm the child:

• At an early age, the concentrations of vasoconstrictors do not exceed 0.01-0.025%, it is preferable to use drugs based on oxymetazoline (nazol, nesopin, nazivin). Strictly observe the dosage and frequency of use.
• These drugs are able to be absorbed from the mucous membranes into the blood, having a systemic effect, therefore it is forbidden to use them often and for a long time, this threatens with poisoning. Adult forms of drugs are especially dangerous in this respect, they are prohibited for babies!
• If there are signs of microbial inflammation, only after consulting a doctor, especially if these are children of the first year of life, antimicrobial drugs are used. From the age of three, Isofra spray, Maktroban ointment, Aerosol Bioparox, or others as prescribed by a pediatrician or ENT doctor are acceptable.
• To stimulate local immune defenses, Derinat drops or spray are often used, it can be used for a cold from the very beginning or during the cold season for prevention. Also, in the presence of a runny nose, homeopathic remedies such as Okarisalia, Euphorbium Compositum can be used strictly according to the instructions.
• In the presence of an allergic rhinitis, vasoconstrictor drugs with an antihistamine component can be used - these are Vibrocil drops or spray. With prolonged colds, prolonged or persistent allergic rhinitis, the presence of adenoids, hormonal sprays are used (not earlier than 3 years) - Nasonex, Avamys, Tafen - in courses of 2 weeks under the supervision of an ENT doctor.
• All sprays are used strictly from the age of three, before this age they can provoke a spasm of the larynx or complications in the form of otitis media. Drops can be used from birth. Before instillation, the bottle with drops or spray should be warmed in the palms or in a water bath, in warm water, so that there is no discomfort and reflex spasm from a cold drug.
• When instilled, the head is thrown back, dripping 2-3 drops of the drug, immediately lowering the head down so that the agent spreads through the mucosa and is not swallowed. Then you need to cover the exit from the nose, pressing the nostril against the septum.