home→Treatment→ Fibrocystic mastopathy is not treated. Pregnancy with fibrocystic mastopathy: doctor's advice Quite often, patients are discharged

Fibrocystic mastopathy is not treated. Pregnancy with fibrocystic mastopathy: doctor's advice Quite often, patients are discharged

Mastopathy of the mammary gland is a disease that can affect not only women, but also men. Doctors say that the disease has been known on the planet for more than 100 years. The name of breast disease implies a whole group of pathologies.

Mastopathy is characterized by pathological changes in the breast tissue of a fibrocystic nature. Benign painful nodules and seals begin to form inside the chest, which cause considerable discomfort to a person. Doctors regard breast disease as the first risk factor for developing cancer - the process can easily transform from benign to malignant.

The growth of fibrous breast tissue directly depends on neurohumoral regulation, because the development and functioning of the mammary glands occurs due to various hormones. Breasts are affected by levels of prolactin, estrogen, and progesterone. With the onset of hormonal imbalance, the risk of developing fibrocystic pathology in the gland increases. The first signs of dysfunction of the ovaries and mammary glands in women are observed before the onset of menopause.

Types of disease

Each form of mastopathy in its advanced form poses a threat to the patient. IN initial stage there is a proliferation of epithelial cells of the breast and connective structures.

Known types of mastopathy:

diffuse
nodal

The diffuse form is characterized by the appearance of many painful nodes inside the thickness of the chest. Fibrous tissue grows in the gland, resulting in the formation of cysts. Pathological transformations of the breast also concern the glandular tissue. As a result, the woman begins to feel discomfort in her chest. Drawing pains in mastopathy is a characteristic phenomenon.

With a diffuse form, the mammary glands become dense and swollen. Discomfort increases before the onset of menstruation. Diffuse pathology is divided into several types:

glandular
glandular cystic
fibrocystic

The disease is characterized by the predominance of glandular tissue in the breast over the connective tissue. In overgrown areas, multiple cysts filled with fluid are formed. Among the types of mastopathy of the mammary glands, a mixed form of a diffuse disease with a predominance of fibrous tissue is often diagnosed.

The nodular form of breast disease is a consequence of diffuse pathology. In certain parts of the organ, an increase in nodes begins, associated with intraductal disorders, the development of papillomas, lipomas, fibroadenomas. Large tumors and large cysts can form in the gland.

The nodal form is divided into several varieties:

fibrocystic
fibrous
lobular

Sometimes changes in the gland are associated with the formation of cysts in mastopathy, when connective tissue grows into the epithelium of the ducts. Small papillomas appear in the chest, a multilayered epithelium is formed. The lumen of the ducts of the lobules of the breast with mastopathy is significantly narrowed.

The disease of the gland is also divided into simple (without changes in cell structures) and proliferating (with cell changes). With proliferation, the nuclei of atypical cells begin to grow, and their abnormal division occurs. It is these cell structures that then degenerate from benign to cancerous. The proliferating form of breast disease is diagnosed as a precancerous condition. Flat leaf-shaped cysts in the tissues of the mammary gland often degenerate into a sarcoma.

Causes of development and risk factors

The etiology of the disease is associated with hormonal imbalance occurring in the body. Mastopathy in women develops due to a deficiency or excess of sex hormones. Insufficient production of progesterone especially affects the condition of the breast. In this case, ovarian dysfunction develops, which is closely related to the appearance pathological changes in the mammary gland. An excess of estrogen also has an extremely negative effect. Their increased number affects the activity of fibroblasts and promotes the division of the cellular structures of the glands.

Predisposing factors for the appearance of pancreatic disease:

early puberty
hormonal changes
late menopause
psychosomatics
abortion
no pregnancy
refusal to breastfeed a child
bad habits
stress
inflammatory process
gynecological diseases

The cause of mastopathy in women can be an irregular sex life. Due to the lack of sex, various congestion develops in the genitals and in the mammary glands. The work of the ovaries is disrupted, which negatively affects the condition of the breast.

Mastopathy in children develops against the background of rapid hormonal changes, but in some cases the hereditary factor is to blame. The beginning of the first menstruation before the age of 12 is considered dangerous - a similar phenomenon can adversely affect the structures mammary glands. In such cases, physiological mastopathy is diagnosed, the symptoms of which are especially noticeable before each onset of menstruation. The breast of a teenage girl hurts, becomes more sensitive, reacts sharply to touch and becomes heavier before the onset of menstruation.

The risk of developing breast cancer occurs with severe cystic changes in the breast. The course of mastopathy is influenced by the state of the epithelial tissue of the glands, calcification, and cell proliferation.

The primary symptoms of mastopathy include the appearance of aching, pulling pain in the chest. It is to such discomfort in the chest that a woman begins to pay attention. First stage The disease is manifested by mild pain inside the thickness of the chest, which can radiate to the shoulder blade. Mastopathy is possible during pregnancy, when the female body undergoes a powerful hormonal change. However, this disease of the mammary glands is different from oncology.

With the development of the disease, soreness in the chest becomes permanent. This is due to the fact that the blood in the pathology in the blood vessels of the mammary gland stagnates. The breast increases in volume, there is swelling and swelling of the mammary glands. Significant severity of soreness of the gland is acquired with the development of pathology.

Signs of mastopathy also include:

breast engorgement
temperature rise
increased pain before menstruation
various discharges from the nipples
the presence of a seal in the form of a movable ball inside the chest

Puffiness of the connective tissue of the mammary gland with mastopathy can be significant - in some cases, the breast greatly increases in volume and becomes sensitive. Dishormonal mastopathy after childbirth is manifested by discharge from the nipple - when pressed, a light or brown secret is released.

Mastopathy sometimes occurs in boys and girls after birth. Its occurrence is associated with an excess of hormones transmitted by the mother during pregnancy. Mastopathy of newborns is characterized by swelling of the mammary glands, their swelling and soreness. From the papillae of the mammary gland baby discharge may appear.

Mastopathy with menopause is accompanied by mood swings, emotional instability, irritability and insomnia. A woman constantly feels unwell, heaviness in her chest, pain. With menopause, hot flashes, a feeling of lack of air, and shortness of breath are characteristic. To these signs is added severe discomfort in the chest.

In men, the disease is manifested by soreness and heaviness in the chest, swelling of the mammary glands, impaired hormone production. Male mastopathy is diagnosed less frequently than female. Often the disease develops against the background of obesity, when adipose tissue begins to predominate in the mammary glands. Hormones begin to accumulate, which leads to corresponding pathological changes in the gland.

Diagnosis of the disease

At the appointment, the doctor conducts a thorough examination of the breast and palpation. Next, a mammological examination of the breast is prescribed. Mammography is an x-ray of the mammary glands, which does not carry a strong radiation load on the patient's body.

Obligatory methods of examination include ultrasound. The doctor will tell you on which day of the cycle to do an ultrasound. With an increase in axillary lymph nodes with mastopathy, various disorders develop, which are clearly visible on the monitor of the apparatus. Doctors determine the boundaries of the pathology of the breast, its characteristic features, the presence or absence of cysts and fibroadenomas.

A biopsy helps to identify the presence of cancer cells. The study is performed in the laboratory using a microscope.

Treatment Options

How to get rid of mastopathy, only a qualified medical specialist knows. Therapy takes into account:

patient's age
associated endocrine disorders
intensity and characteristics of menstruation
disease symptoms
morphological features of the gland

All therapeutic measures and medicines are selected by the doctor individually. During the treatment, the patient must follow a diet and regimen, it is important to give up addictions. Medical non-hormonal and hormonal treatment may be accompanied by additional use of funds traditional medicine. Various drugs from mastopathy effectively relieve pain and eliminate swelling.

Medications

With hormonal mastopathy, certain drugs are prescribed that correct the production of hormones. They normalize the balance of hormones in the body, stabilize the levels of progesterone and estrogen.

To relieve the inflammatory process in the gland, antibacterial agents are prescribed:

Maximim
Movisar
Penicillin

Antibiotics have a wide spectrum of action and effectively eliminate inflammation. Reception of funds is carried out according to the treatment scheme prescribed by the doctor. Among the contraindications are breastfeeding, pregnancy, individual intolerance.

The main contraceptive and anti-inflammatory pills for mastopathy:

Marvelon
Femodene
Orgametril
Parplodel

Preparations restore monthly cycle, reduce the manifestations of soreness and heaviness in the chest, reduce the symptoms of the disease. Hormonal agents stabilize the production of necessary substances in the body and restore the functions of the mammary glands and ovaries.

Among homeopathic non-hormonal remedies, drugs are prescribed:

Mastodinon
Wobenzym
Remens
mulimen
mamoclam

Homeopathy effectively eliminates the symptoms of gland disease, improving the patient's well-being. The action of these drugs is aimed at restoring the functions of the genital organs and mammary glands, strengthening immune system.

Not contraindicated topical application medicines. An effective cream for mastopathy normalizes blood circulation in the mammary gland, eliminates stagnation of blood and lymph, relieves tension and swelling of the chest. Progestogel gel blocks excessive estrogen production and well eliminates pain in the gland. The drug is applied to painful areas of the chest, do not wash off. The procedure is carried out daily for three weeks.

The doctor can also prescribe another ointment for mastopathy - Mastofit. Its components have an anti-inflammatory effect, eliminate swelling and pain in the gland.

The help of traditional medicine should not be excluded - at home, you can use various folk recipes for the treatment of mammary glands. Herbal tea for mastopathy or applying a cabbage leaf to a sore breast give noticeable positive results. Cabbage with mastopathy is widely used to relieve inflammation in the chest. It is very simple to use it - you need to beat off a whole cabbage leaf with a little hammer, grease with honey and apply all night to the diseased mammary gland.

Grated red beets, pumpkin, carrots, mountain ash are also applied to the chest. From above, the mass is covered with a clean cloth and the compress is left overnight. In the morning, the sore breast is smeared with a healing cream.

In the treatment of mastopathy with folk remedies, various infusions and decoctions of herbs are used. The use of tincture from partitions walnut favorably affects the state of the structures of the mammary gland. A little alcohol is added to the vegetable raw materials and the mixture is infused for 5 days in a dark place. Tincture is taken 20 drops three times a day. The course of treatment is at least 1 month.

Good for gland health herbal collection with upland queen, calendula and celandine, peony tincture, burdock root, wormwood. These herbs are anti-inflammatory.

Can be applied to chest camphor oil, black cumin oil, wax cream, salt dressings. Effective remedy- ointment with propolis and salt. Hirudotherapy is widely used in the treatment - a sucked leech injects biologically useful substances into the blood. active substances conducive to recovery.

Diet and healthy lifestyle

In the fight against breast disease, it is necessary to adjust the regimen and diet. Proper nutrition with mastopathy helps to saturate the body with useful substances that help strengthen the immune system and increase defenses.

To normalize blood circulation in the chest, it is useful to use:

rosehip tea
cherry fruit
blackcurrant berries
chokeberry

It is necessary to eat food rich in selenium, zinc, iodine. Various seafood are especially suitable for this purpose. Dietary supplements can be used as an additional aid mineral complexes. Any vitamins are useful for mastopathy, which improve tissue nutrition and regulate biochemical reactions in the body.

Experts recommend eating more fruits and vegetables, as well as grain products. They contain coarse fiber fibers. Tomatoes, cabbage, broccoli, apples, citrus fruits, bananas, pomegranates should always be on the table.

What can not be eaten with mastopathy? Experts do not recommend fatty varieties of beef and pork, a lot of carbohydrate foods - their restriction helps stabilize estrogen synthesis. Fats in large quantities with mastopathy are harmful - they negatively affect the production of the necessary hormones. You should also limit yourself to eating sweets, muffins, canned food. A well-organized diet for mastopathy will help stabilize hormonal levels and reduce the symptoms of the disease.

Consequences of mastopathy

What is dangerous mastopathy, not every woman knows. In an advanced case, the removal of an overgrown node occurs with the help of surgeons. The disease can develop and degenerate into cancer. The onset of an oncological process in the breast, as a rule, is indicated by the detection of calcifications in the mammary glands.

The most dangerous consequences:

In the damaged areas of the chest, the accumulation of fluid begins. In cysts, it can fester.
If a purulent cyst in the gland bursts, this can lead to severe infection of nearby tissues.
Mammary cancer.

To avoid recurrence, a bath for mastopathy, chest tanning, and sauna visits are excluded.

Is it possible to get pregnant with mastopathy is a question that often interests young patients. Usually, due to hormonal imbalance, conception with mastopathy is impossible.

Prevention of the development of the disease

Preventive measures to prevent mastopathy are reduced to the timely treatment of gynecological and endocrine diseases. It is important to follow the regimen and a healthy lifestyle, use hormonal drugs with caution, and take a responsible approach to choosing the right bra. Women at any age should undergo annual preventive examinations at the gynecologist and mammologist.

Fibrocystic mastopathy(FCM) is a pathological condition of the mammary glands, accompanied by the appearance of seals and cysts of various sizes and shapes. This is a fairly common disease among women of reproductive age, it affects at least half of the female population. The disease responds well to treatment early stages: it is better to go through all therapeutic procedures in advance, without waiting for the development of adverse effects.

ICD-10 code

N60.1 Diffuse cystic mastopathy

Causes of fibrocystic mastopathy

The main reason for the development of fibrocystic mastopathy is hormonal destabilization in the body: the hormones progesterone and estradiol play a dominant role in the process. Factors that determine the imbalance of hormones can be the following:

early puberty. The rapid renewal of the hormonal background does not allow the body to quickly adapt to changes, which is reflected in the tissue structure of the mammary glands;
late menopause. The decisive role is played by the long-term effect of hormones on the tissues of the gland;
no history of pregnancies;
frequent forced termination of pregnancies (more than twice) provokes a sharp rise and fall in hormonal activity;
absence or extremely short lactation period;
constant or frequently recurring stress;
age period from 40 years;
metabolic disorders - obesity, diabetes, endemic goiter;
violations of the liver;
disorders of the endocrine system: hypo- or hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis;
diseases of the genitourinary sphere, reproductive dysfunction;
uncontrolled intake of hormonal drugs, including contraceptives.

Symptoms of fibrocystic mastopathy

Initially, the fibrocystic form of mastopathy was not defined as a condition predisposing to oncology. mammary gland. However, recent scientific studies have shown that mastopathy should be considered precisely as a precancerous condition, which under certain circumstances can transform into a malignant tumor.

The probability of developing breast cancer, as a result of FCM, depends on many factors, for example, on the total duration of the disease, its stage, intensity and brightness of manifestations. A history of multiple and large cysts, fibroadenoma, adenosis, hyperplasia and proliferative mastopathy increases the risk of developing cancer by 2-4 times.

Although fibrocystic breast disease is considered a benign disease, in some cases it is an intermediate process in the formation of a malignant formation. That is why the clinical examination of patients with treated FCM and long-term monitoring of their condition is an important link in the prevention of breast cancer.

The clinical symptoms of fibrocystic mastopathy are determined by painful sensations, breast seals and the appearance of secretions from the milk canals. By palpation, you can feel fine and coarse-grained formations, dense areas of breast tissue. Soreness in this disease can appear spontaneously, or occur only when trying to touch: a feeling of slight discomfort can be replaced by a sharp severe pain even from the slightest touch.

Pain in the mammary gland may be accompanied by a feeling of weight, puffiness, squeezing, sometimes it radiates to the shoulder joint or to the axillary area.

Often, patients note the appearance of secretion from the milky channels: the secreted liquid resembles colostrum, or it may be slightly yellow or greenish.

The initial symptoms of fibrocystic mastopathy may be more pronounced with the onset of menstruation or PMS. With the progression of the disease, the symptoms become brighter, the pain is more noticeable, and tissue compaction can be determined already, regardless of the frequency of the cycle.

Pain in fibrocystic mastopathy

The presence of pain in fibrocystic mastopathy is a fairly common, but very individual symptom. Dull, aching, shooting, twitching, it can have a different intensity and be accompanied by a feeling of pressure in the mammary glands.

Soreness often increases before the onset of menstruation (at the same time the level of hormones increases), may be limited to a local manifestation or radiate to the shoulder joint, subscapularis and axillary region.

Not all women feel pain during mastopathy: about 10% of patients usually do not observe signs of pain discomfort, and some feel pain only during critical days. In this case, the general symptoms of the disease in them can absolutely coincide. The reason for this phenomenon may be the difference in pressure on the nerve endings and differences in the individual pain threshold.

Also, pain can be observed not only in the mammary glands, but also in nearby lymph nodes, which can be slightly enlarged and strained.

Allocations with fibrocystic mastopathy

Allocations in fibrocystic mastopathy may not be observed in all cases of the disease. This phenomenon is individual: there may be no liquid discharge at all, sometimes it can be very abundant (often this symptom allows you to independently detect the disease), or it can occur only with slight compression of the peripapillary region. The secretions usually do not have a specific smell, their color varies from transparent, light, whitish to yellowish and greenish. Sometimes their appearance resembles colostrum (the secret of the mammary glands, separated in the last days of pregnancy and in the first days after childbirth).

In some cases, the discharge may acquire a brownish or bloody hue: this is a rather formidable symptom that requires a mandatory medical examination. Bloody issues from the milk canals can be a sign of a malignant process in the mammary glands, destruction of the capillary blood supply system and damage to the walls of the ducts.

In principle, any detected discharge from the nipples requires the advice of a specialist, and this especially applies to discharges with an admixture of blood.

Pregnancy and fibrocystic mastopathy

Pregnancy with fibrocystic mastopathy is not only possible, but also desirable. Everyone knows that during the period of bearing a child, a significant restructuring of the hormonal status in a woman's body occurs. This can serve as an impetus to further stabilize the level of hormones and stop the development of the disease. For this reason, many gynecologists strongly recommend that women become pregnant, boldly bear and continue to breastfeed the child.

By the way, the natural lactation period often becomes the main medicine fight the disease. You should not interrupt breastfeeding in advance: the period of breastfeeding often brings women relief and even complete recovery with the resorption of cystic formations and nodes.

If a woman was treated for FCM with hormonal drugs and became pregnant in the same cycle, the treatment of the disease should be stopped immediately, since the use of hormones during pregnancy requires great caution. In this situation, consult your doctor, perhaps he will prescribe you other, not hormonal preparations approved for use during pregnancy.

Lactation

The issue of breastfeeding a child with fibrocystic mastopathy should be decided by a mammologist, since the degree of progression and severity of the disease in all women is individual.

The bottom line is that breastfeeding promotes certain physiological processes in a woman's body: in particular, the growth and reproduction of breast epithelial cells are activated, which tend to synthesize their own antibodies that can affect various neoplasms, including cysts and fibromatous nodes.

Long-term breastfeeding should be carried out with constant monitoring of the state of the mammary glands, with periodic examination by a doctor and measures to prevent lactostasis. Taking medications during the lactation period must be agreed with the doctor.

Fibrocystic mastopathy and cancer

According to recent scientific studies, fibrocystic mastopathy should be considered as a possible precancerous condition. This concept is morphological in nature, it can include intraductal atypical growth of the epithelium and manifestations of carcinoma.

If you find the following signs and symptoms on the mammary glands, you should immediately seek the advice of a specialist:

nodular compaction in the tissues or on the skin of the glands, especially the nodes soldered to the tissues and to each other;
the appearance of ulcerative lesions on the skin, in the areola, or crusts on or around the nipple;
localized or widespread swelling of the tissues of the mammary glands;
bloody, brown or black discharge from the milk ducts;
the appearance of areas of redness on the skin;
change in the shape of the breast, the appearance of tuberosity, violation of the contours of the glands or the peripapillary region;
the appearance of asymmetry in the location of the mammary glands;
inability to displace the gland.

Forms

ICD-10 is a generally accepted international classification of diseases, among which there are all types of mastopathy. It is the main informative documentation used by healthcare professionals around the world. Standardization and unification of diseases has the right to be reviewed only once a decade.

This classification is designed to create the most comfortable conditions for determining the analytical data of world statistics regarding the level of cases of diseases and deaths, which are periodically recorded and sent by various regions and countries of the world. Diagnostic indicators are described as an alphanumeric code, which is extremely convenient in the process of storing and retrieving the necessary information. Data from all over the world is carefully structured and processed.

Diseases and pathological conditions of the mammary gland in the ICD 10 list are in the subsection of diseases of the genitourinary system under the numbering N60-N64.

Diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy

Diffuse lesions of the mammary gland are characterized by excessive growth of connective tissue areas of various shapes. This condition can disrupt the structure of the channels and the lobular structure of the glandular organ, contribute to the appearance of small cystic formations.

Diverse etiology diffuse mastopathy may be associated with genetic predisposition, ecology, as well as multiple external factors. The determining reasons are the disorder of neurohumoral processes, increased estrogen synthesis and progesterone deficiency.

Depending on the structure and nature of tissue damage, the following types of diffuse mastopathy are distinguished:

pathology with the dominance of the glandular component (adenosis);
pathology with the dominance of the fibrous component (fibroadenomatosis);
pathology with the dominance of the cystic component (cystosis);
mixed course of FCM;
sclerosing type of adenosis.

The intensity of the detected violations makes it possible to divide diffuse mastopathy into a minor, moderate and severe form.

Nodular fibrocystic mastopathy

The term "focal fibrocystic mastopathy" is also often used for nodular FCM. Nodular mastopathy can be characterized by the growth of connective tissue areas and the formation of cystic formations resembling single or multiple nodes.

With this disease in the breast, you can palpate one or a group of nodules that have clear limited contours. Before the onset of menstruation, nodular formations may swell, increase, acquire some soreness. At the end of menstruation, it is easy to palpate painless nodules of various shapes, densely elastic consistency, with clear boundaries that are not soldered to the surrounding tissues. It is noteworthy that in horizontal position nodules are palpable extremely weakly, or even completely absent.

Peripheral nodes usually do not increase.

Pain may be slight or absent at all, and the presence of nodules in women is more often detected completely by chance: thus, the manifestations of the disease can be very individual.

Nodular mastopathy is quite often the result of a diffuse disease.

Non-proliferative fibrocystic mastopathy

The medical term for non-proliferative fibrocystic mastopathy refers to a disease of the mammary glands that does not have characteristic signs of proliferation, namely, tissue growth of the glandular organ with the formation of a neoplasm and intensive cell division and reproduction. With this pathology, there is no increase in the number of structural elements of the tissue and the organ as a whole, there is no excessive growth of tissues, as in many other pathological conditions. There may be significant or localized swelling of the tissues, which cannot be called the formation of new structures.

Proliferation is a process of cell reproduction, which in most cases turns out to be the final stage of any inflammation, in which one can observe a clear separation of the pathological focus from healthy nearby tissues.

The non-proliferative form of FCM has a more favorable course and prognosis, but requires no less careful medical observation and treatment.

Mixed fibrocystic mastopathy

With a mixed form of fibrocystic mastopathy, characteristic symptoms all forms of the disease

signs of diffuse FCM with a predominant cystic component, when small cavity formations (capsules, or cysts) with liquid are formed in the mammary gland;
signs of fibrous mastopathy with a predominant fibrous component, in which there is an proliferation of connective tissue areas in the gland;
manifestations of adenosis of the mammary glands (growth with a predominant glandular component) - excessive growth of glandular tissues, which is characterized by a significant increase in breast size;
cystic formations, or nodes, affect the mammary gland both in the form of single manifestations and as total multiple tumors that are perfectly palpable in vertical position;
the simultaneous development of fibroadenoma is possible - a rounded, mobile and dense formation of a benign nature in the mammary gland.

This form disease is a somewhat neglected variant of the course of the disease, more difficult to treat and requires long-term therapeutic effects.

Bilateral fibrocystic mastopathy

The name of this form of FCM speaks for itself - manifestations of fibrocystic disease with such a pathology are present on two mammary glands at the same time. Changes are expressed in hyperplasia of connective tissue, fibrous, glandular elements in both mammary glands, affecting the organs themselves and their milky canals, which contributes to the disruption of trophic processes and the formation of cystic formations.

Such a bilateral lesion of the mammary glands approximately doubles the risk of a malignant tumor, although FCM itself does not pose a life threat.

Bilateral fibrocystic mastopathy is a consequence of a persistent, long-term and serious violation of the hormonal balance in the body, so its treatment should be aimed primarily at restoring the normal natural level of hormones, identifying the cause of the imbalance (ovarian pathology, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary system, etc.).

Fibrocystic mastopathy in menopause

Violation of the regularity of the appearance of menstruation and their complete disappearance for a fifty-year-old female age is considered a normal physiological state, in addition, it determines the positive dynamics of the current pathological processes of the reproductive system of the body, up to complete recovery.

The risk of acquiring additional or exacerbating existing breast disease may increase when the onset of menopause occurs too early (before 45 years) or too late (after 55 years).

With the first symptoms of menopause, there is a significant change in hormonal balance. At this time, the breasts can cause pain and a feeling of tension and pressure.

Usually, the signs of fibrocystic mastopathy in this period weaken. Cystic formations, strands and nodes in the mammary glands can significantly decrease or disappear altogether, pain and heaviness in the chest gradually fade away.

Simultaneously with a decrease in ovarian function, the glandular tissue in the mammary glands gradually atrophies, and it is replaced by connective tissue and lipid areas.

Fibrocystic mastopathy and IVF

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the so-called "test tube conception", sometimes the only way for childless couples to have a child. Before preparing for artificial insemination, you should go through many doctors to determine possible contraindications to the procedure. Often women are very worried about the presence of various forms of FCM: what will the doctor say, and is mastopathy a contraindication to IVF?

To be honest, their experiences are not groundless: during artificial insemination, the method of hormonal stimulation is used, and this can significantly complicate the course of the disease and provoke a rapid increase in cystic formations.

However, many doctors understand the importance of this procedure for a woman. It also takes into account the fact that the phenomena of FCM tend to regress during the period of breastfeeding. Therefore, often reproductology and mammology give permission to carry out the in vitro fertilization procedure even in the presence of fibrocystic mastopathy.

Complications and consequences

The most common consequences of FKM can be the following conditions:

an increase in the size of the cystic formation with a visual change in the mammary gland;
the development of a background inflammatory process with subsequent infection and suppuration of the cystic formation;
degeneration of a cystic formation into a malignant one;
rupture, violation of the integrity of the cyst.

Fibrocystic mastopathy cannot pose any immediate danger to the patient's life and is not the cause of significant discomfort and the inability to live a full life (in the absence of advanced stages with huge cystic formations).

The severity of the pathological process is aggravated only with the background development of an inflammatory reaction, the ingress of an infectious agent, and signs of suppuration of the nodes.

There are also cases of transformation of a cyst into a cancerous tumor, because it is known that the development of mastopathy significantly increases the risk of the formation of a malignant tumor.

Diagnosis of fibrocystic mastopathy

Cystic FCM can be detected by self-palpation of the mammary glands. The method used to confirm the diagnosis ultrasound and mammography (x-ray of the breasts).

The mammography method is quite informative and determines the size, contours and number of cystic formations.

The ultrasound method provides an opportunity for a detailed examination of formations with an examination of the cystic wall.

Magnetic resonance imaging is used quite rarely, this method allows for a thorough examination of each layer of tissues and formations.

Aspiration biopsy of the breast determines the nature of the cystic formation, and pneumocystography can also demonstrate a similar result.

A histological examination of the material extracted during a biopsy is carried out without fail: this method is necessary to study the cellular structure of the cyst and allows you to refute the malignant nature of the formations, determine the presence of intraductal papilloma, or clarify the presence of inflammatory and purulent processes in the cyst.

Also standard diagnostics mastopathy is impossible without palpation of the mammary glands and the collection of anamnesis characteristic of this pathology. Sometimes blood tests may be ordered to determine the degree of hormonal imbalance.

ultrasound

The ultrasound method allows measuring the thickness of the layer of glandular tissue in each area of the mammary glands from the periphery to the peripapillary zone, as well as assessing the density of tissues in various areas of the organs.

The image obtained with ultrasound changes stably depending on the age of the patient: over the years, the thickness of the layer of glandular tissue decreases, and the density index increases, reaching maximum values by the age of 55.

The structure of the mammary glands varies significantly in adolescence, reproductive, menopause as well as during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

With fibroadenomatosis and diffuse mastopathy, the picture may be different depending on the dominance of any sign of the disease: it can be glandular hyperplasia, and cystic formations, fibrotic changes or mixed type of pathology. Very often, the cystic manifestation of FCM is combined with signs of fibrosis of glandular tissues.

The main ultrasound signs of fibrocystic mastopathy are:

fibrotic changes (fibrosis of areas of the milk canals and partitions);
discrepancy between the structure of the mammary glands and the age period of the patient;
lesions of the nipple and the surrounding area;
thickening of the layer of glandular tissues more than 14 mm;
expansion of the ducts of the breast;
detection of cystic formations.

Puncture

The puncture is usually performed by aspiration using a thin needle. The cystic capsule is punctured with a needle, which simultaneously aspirates the internal contents of the cyst. The procedure is not only diagnostic, but also therapeutic.

The cystic contents obtained by puncture usually have a yellowish-gray color, but with prolonged existence of the cyst, the fluid may become brown-black or greenish. Cytological examination of the contents is rarely carried out due to its low information content.

A puncture to collect cells from a tumor-like formation of the breast is a fairly popular research procedure. The obtained cell samples are mandatory sent for histological and cytological examination. Sometimes, if the aspiration result is negative, a second cell biopsy may be ordered.

Breast puncture is a painless, but extremely informative procedure, which is essential for differential diagnosis fibrocystic FCM.

Treatment of fibrocystic mastopathy

The main measures in the treatment of fibrocystic mastopathy should be aimed at stabilizing the normal hormonal background in the female body.

Therapeutic methods of exposure are determined by a specialist on the basis of the results of analyzes of hormones in the blood, in particular, progesterone, estradiol and prolactin. In accordance with the results, drugs are prescribed that can correct the disturbed balance of hormones.

Treatment of mastopathy may include a puncture method of aspiration of fluid from the cyst with the further introduction of special preparations into the cavity that provoke obliteration of the cyst walls (sclerotherapy). This procedure is applicable to ordinary cystic formations without the phenomena of a malignant process and symptoms of an intraductal tumor.

In severe situations, characterized by the appearance of multiple cystic formations, excessive tissue growth, as well as suspected malignant degeneration of cells, the operation of sectoral resection of the mammary gland is used with mandatory histology of samples of removed tissues.

Alternative treatment

Alternative treatment of fibrocystic mastopathy is used for unstable and mild symptoms of the disease; with nodular FCM, a slight decrease in formations is noted, however, recurrence of foci of pathology is not excluded.

Cabbage leaves are also effective in the treatment of mastopathy. Usually applied cabbage leaves at night, or make a compress: the mammary gland is smeared with unsalted butter, a clean cloth is applied and a mixture of ground cabbage and sour milk is applied. You can use this compress both day and night, after wrapping the chest with cellophane.

Using a mask of castor oil (100 g), honey (2 tablespoons), lemon juice (from 2 lemons) and ground burdock root (to the consistency of sour cream) will help with varying degrees of disease development. All components are mixed and applied to a clean linen napkin. The constant use of the mask allows you to achieve recovery within a month after the start of treatment.

Also popular are herbal remedies and herbal preparations.

Herbal treatment

The Altai herb upland uterus is recognized as very effective in women's diseases. It is used for hormonal disorders in the body, to restore metabolism, the function of the endocrine system, has a beneficial effect on the condition of the ovaries, Bladder, mammary glands. The tincture of this herb is prepared as follows: 0.5 l of high-quality vodka is poured into 50 g of boron uterus, insisted for 2 weeks in a dark place (not in the refrigerator). Take a teaspoon three times a day before meals, the duration of admission is about six months, with interruption of treatment during menstruation.
Red brush herb cleans perfectly genitourinary system and stabilizes the endocrine system. The tincture of this herb is used three times a day, half a teaspoon in half a glass of water, taken with meals for a month, taking a break during menstruation.
Burdock root can be poured with three glasses of boiling water (for 60 g of leaves), insist for 4 hours, strain and drink a glass three times a day before meals.
Yarrow, motherwort and string - mix 2 tablespoons of raw materials and pour a liter of boiling water. Take 1 glass before meals. An excellent remedy for diffuse mastopathy.
Mix the same parts of honey, lemon juice, radish juice, carrot and beetroot juice with an equal share of Cahors wine, take 2 tablespoons of the mixture before meals until the symptoms of the disease disappear completely.

Operation

An operative method of treatment is used for fibroadenoma or some large cystic formations.

For minor tumors and nodes, sometimes it is enough to use conservative therapy and periodic follow-up with a specialist.

The following methods of surgical treatment of the disease are usually used:

sectoral resection (the formation is removed simultaneously with the area of the breast);
enucleation of cystic formation (husking and removal of the cyst itself).

The use of surgical treatment should be justified and used in the following indications:

on the basis of a histological examination confirming suspicions of malignancy of tumor cells;
with an intensive increase in education (the tumor is observed for three months);
with repeated recurrence of nodular FCM after conservative or sclerotherapeutic treatment of the disease.

Surgical intervention is carried out using a general or local anesthesia The duration of the operation is about 40 minutes.

Drug treatment

Medicinal preparations that are used in the treatment of mastopathy should first of all be aimed at eliminating the causes of the disease, improving the body's immunity, and treating the pathology of the ovaries and thyroid gland.

Hormonal agents: progesterone, duphaston, utrozhestan, etc.
Contraceptives - used to regulate menstrual cycle.
Estrogen inhibitors.

With severe pain, analgesics, diuretics (relieve swelling of the gland before menstruation), homeopathic remedies are used.

Starting from the age of forty, steroid preparations methylandrostenediol, methyltestosterone, testosterone injections can be prescribed.

With insufficient function of the corpus luteum, drugs or injections of progesterone are taken in the second phase of the cycle.

Iodine preparations may be prescribed for insufficient thyroid function.

The effectiveness of these funds is varied. However, the benefits of treatment are felt as a result of the complex effects of drugs: analgesics, bromocriptine, vitamins, homeopathy, potassium iodide, contraceptives, herbal remedies, tamoxifen, danazol, progestogens, etc.

Mastodinon

The drug Mastodinone is a homeopathic remedy that is very popular among women who have problems with the menstrual cycle, breast pathology, PMS.

The drug is popular primarily for its effectiveness, as well as the natural origin of the composition of the product: the medicine is based exclusively on herbs.

Mastodinone eliminates various menstrual irregularities, helps with fibrocystic FCM, relieves concomitant signs of PMS.

The drug helps to reduce the synthesis of prolactin by the posterior pituitary gland, which allows you to influence the processes of pathological proliferation of breast tissues.

Reception of Mastodinon is extremely rarely accompanied by side effects due to the presence of exclusively natural ingredients in the preparation.

Mastodinone with fibrocystic mastopathy is used 30 drops or one tablet twice a day. Can be diluted with a small amount of liquid.

The drug should be taken continuously for at least 90 days, the visible effect appears already in the second month of admission.

Mastodinone can be taken for quite a long period, if there are proper medical indications for this.

Homeopathy

The use of an alternative method of treatment with homeopathy has long established itself on the good side: homeopathic remedies do not accumulate in the body, do not provoke allergic and adverse reactions, are suitable for the treatment of pregnant women and nursing mothers, the elderly and small children.

Homeopathy allows you to cure the disease within 2-5 weeks, and relapses after taking the drugs are extremely rare.

In the inflammatory process in the tissues of the gland, drugs based on Apis (apis mellifica) work well, and belladonna will relieve swelling and burning sensation in the mammary glands.

Significant suppuration of the gland, accompanied by high temperatures and dull pains, is the reason for prescribing preparations prepared from bryony and bufo plants. Breast disease caused by trauma will help cure Pulsatilla extract.

Despite the fact that homeopathic preparations have practically no contraindications and cautions in use, the use of funds should be discussed with the doctor. It will help you choose the right drug that will make the treatment of the disease even more effective.

vitamins

Drug therapy of fibrocystic FCM is often supplemented with vitamin complexes containing vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, PP and ascorbic acid, as well as vitamin E.

Vitamin E has a special role in therapeutic measures in the fight against the disease. This vitamin has antioxidant properties, enhances the action of progesterone, takes part in the regulation of fat metabolism, and alleviates the manifestations of premenstrual syndrome.

The antioxidant properties explain the anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of the drug. However, for its effectiveness, it is required to take vitamin E for at least three months.

B vitamins are also important in the treatment of mastopathy. They are responsible for the normal functioning nervous system and normalize energy metabolism. The performance of the immune system, cell division and growth are provided by these vitamins. Reception is especially necessary vitamin preparations people who are characterized by mental and emotional stress, stress, chronic diseases.

You can improve the intake of vitamins in the body by taking vitamin complexes, or provide your diet with a sufficient amount of vegetables and fruits.

Nutrition and diet

The principles of changing nutrition in fibrocystic mastopathy are aimed at stabilizing the hormonal background in the body.

It is recommended to introduce foods containing fiber into the diet - these are all types of cereals, parsley, dill, various greens. It is important to use natural estrogens - these are peas, beans, lentils, chickpeas, mung beans, cabbage (white, Brussels sprouts, Peking, broccoli, Savoy, cauliflower). Needless to say, how much the body needs vitamins, minerals contained in citrus fruits, dried fruits, other fruits and vegetables.

Iodine, which is rich in seafood, fish, is also useful for the endocrine system. The source of the necessary phospholipids will be dishes from the liver, dairy products.

It is recommended to limit the consumption of animal fats, fast carbohydrates, monitor the calorie content of the diet: being overweight adversely affects the health of the mammary glands and the reproductive function of a woman.

The diet for fibrocystic mastopathy should be balanced, rich in vitamins and dietary fiber. Great importance should be given to the drinking regime: a sufficient amount of liquid will allow you to quickly stabilize the metabolic processes in the body. One and a half liters of clean water per day is the optimal amount of fluid for the normal functioning of the body.

In addition, for the successful treatment of FCM, it is necessary to exclude from the diet products containing methylxanthines - these are black tea, coffee, cocoa, Coca-Cola, chocolate.

Due to various pathological conditions of the reproductive system, in order to achieve such a desired happiness of motherhood, women are forced to turn to fertility doctors for the use of assisted reproductive technologies, as this is the last chance to become pregnant and give birth to a healthy baby. However, often this path also turns out to be quite thorny, since all women and not always can be admitted to in vitro fertilization. One of these problems that stand in the way of such a desired goal is pathological changes in the mammary gland.

Do IVF for mastopathy?

In order to understand this issue, it is necessary to understand what kind of diagnosis it is.

Fibrocystic mastopathy refers to dyshormonal diseases of the mammary gland. The frequency of occurrence of this nosological unit is 30% among the female population. That is, every third woman during the examination may be unpleasantly surprised by the presence of this pathological process.

The term mastopathy combines with itself about 30 different nosologies that have a different morphological nature of changes (fibrous, proliferative), as well as a completely different histological structure in the mammary gland. You also need to know more about how prolactin and IVF work on a woman's body.

Thus, mastopathy is a group of benign diseases, morphologically characterized by a wide range of both regressive and proliferative processes, in which there is a pathological ratio of the connective tissue and epithelial components of the mammary glands with the occurrence of cystic, fibrous and proliferative changes. Under this term, benign changes are combined. However, the risk of their malignant degeneration is 4 times higher than in women who do not suffer from such diseases.

Therefore, early diagnosis, timely treatment is the prevention of the development of the oncological process.

In modern mammology, these types of mastopathy are distinguished depending on their structure:

Diffuse mastopathy with the presence of small and large foci in the mammary gland. The histological picture of such pathologically altered areas is represented by normal anatomical structure tissue with its hyperplasia, there is an increased growth of stromal elements. This form has its subgroups:

Adenosis is a mastopathy in which glandular epithelial cells give in to hyperplasia;
Fibroadenosis - the fibrous element predominates, however, glandular tissue is also present;
mixed form.

Nodular mastopathy is a change in the mammary gland in the form of formed cystic formations with liquid content. These elements are characterized by smooth, regular contours, soft, elastic texture. This form is divided into the following types:

Adenomatous nodular mastopathy - proliferation of glandular passages with the formation of adenomas, consisting of glandular cells;
Fibroadenomatous nodular mastopathy
Mintz papilloma - an intraductal neoplasm of a fragile structure, bleeding, located close to the nipple;
Lipoma - formation, which includes fatty elements;
Hemangioma - a neoplasm of vascular elements;
Hamartoma is the combined content of the glandular, fibrous and fatty component.

Mixed mastopathy is a combined form of dyshormonal disorders of the mammary gland, in which both diffuse pathological foci and nodular elements are found.

The etiological factors for the occurrence of mastopathy are diverse. However, the main theory is the hormonal imbalance in the body of a woman. Actually, therefore, this type of pathological processes is united under the single name of dyshormonal diseases.

The main etiopathogenetic factors in the development of mastopathy include:

A woman herself can also suspect mastopathy by means of detecting symptoms characteristic of her:

the appearance of pain in the mammary glands is the first and most feature development of mastopathy. The nature and intensity of pain may vary, but it has a constant, prone to increasing course.
Breast engorgement, swelling.
During self-examination of the gland, a woman can palpate nodules.
Not a rare symptom of such pathological changes are discharge from the mammary gland of a different nature.

If a woman finds such symptoms, it is imperative to consult a mammologist for a comprehensive examination.

The diagnostic range of examinations for this diagnosis is modest and appears to be:

Self-examination of a woman in a standing and lying position;
Ultrasound examination of the mammary glands. This type of study is currently the most informative and safe method for diagnosing pathological
Mammography;

In the treatment of mastopathy, there are:

Conservative treatment in the form of:

Hormonal medications(antiestrogen drugs - drugs that reduce estrogen secretion, progesterone drugs, combined hormonal drugs, dopamine agonists - drugs that reduce prolactin secretion);
Non-hormonal drugs in the form of vitamin complexes, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sedatives.

Surgical treatment is reduced to a sectoral resection of the mammary gland with a mandatory histological examination removed material to exclude oncopathology.

Mastopathy and IVF

In vitro fertilization involves the stimulation of ovulation with hormonal drugs, after the use of which benign neoplasms may tend to grow or even become malignant.

Theoretically, since pathogenetically progesterone has a beneficial effect on the foci of mastopathy, pregnancy is not contraindicated in this diagnosis. On the contrary, a large number of gestagens during pregnancy reduces the growth rate of mastopathy. But sometimes, hormonal imbalance, on the contrary, stimulates its progression.

With such a combination as IVF and breast fibroadenoma, first of all, it is necessary to carry out therapeutic measures for the treatment of mastopathy in the form of medication, in the absence of an effect, surgical correction of this pathological condition and then plan the use of ART (assisted reproductive technology). Currently, there is a federal program for free implementation of the in vitro fertilization protocol at the expense of compulsory medical insurance. thanks to her, every infertile couple is one step closer to their dream.

Is it possible to get pregnant with mastopathy, will these conditions negatively affect each other, how to treat if hormone therapy is prohibited during this period? Consider all the important issues that mastopathy causes during pregnancy and the symptoms of the disease.

A little about the types of disease

Few of the patients with such a diagnosis as mastopathy know that this word refers to an extensive group of diseases of the mammary glands. The group includes more than 50 diseases, united by common features:

changes in the structure of breast tissue;
the nature of the changes is benign;
the cause of the disease is a violation of the hormonal status;
fibrotic or cystic changes predominate.

All these diseases can be combined into two large groups according to the type of changes: nodular and diffuse. The symptoms of the first are single seals, the second is characterized by multiple.

Nodular forms are breast fibroadenomas, angiomas, cysts, lipomas, etc.

Diffuse forms: adenosis, fibroadenosis, fibrocystosis, etc.

The most famous - fibrous mastopathy can apply to any group.

Each of these diseases has its own symptoms, development, is treated differently, and, accordingly, behaves differently against the background of such processes as pregnancy, childbirth, and breastfeeding.

Will pregnancy help relieve symptoms?

Yes. In the very general view, we can say that pregnancy has a positive effect on the condition of the breast. The hormonal background during pregnancy is such that mastopathy in pregnant women often goes away on its own.

But this is very conditional, only a mammologist can say more precisely. Large dense formations will never resolve naturally; separate treatment will be required.

Pregnancy and breast lumps

How does pregnancy affect mastopathy? To answer this question, you will have to turn to the causes of the development of the disease.

The main reason - hormonal disbalance. Increased estrogen production, not balanced by progesterone, provokes uneven tissue growth and the formation of “clots”.

During pregnancy, progesterone is actively produced, and the cells of the epithelium of the mammary glands undergo intensive renewal: the seals dissolve by themselves. Pregnancy is not only possible, but necessary.

Does mastopathy go away in everyone? - Not. If there is a formation larger than a pea in the chest, you should not rely on natural recovery. Moreover, the disappearance of mastopathy during pregnancy is just a probability, but not a guarantee.

The best time to give birth

Mastopathy has almost a direct connection with pregnancy. The group of the highest risk for mastopathy and cancer includes women who have given birth after 30 years, or who have not given birth at all.

According to the recommendations of doctors, the optimal term for childbirth is no later than 10 years from the beginning of the menstrual cycle. Childbirth at 20-25 years old and long-term breastfeeding is the best guarantee never to see the diagnosis of "fibrocystic mastopathy" in your chart.

In pregnancy before the age of 30, even if the disease has already been, the probability of resorption of seals is higher than in late women in labor. For patients over 30 who plan to give birth, doctors often prescribe removal of adenomas before conception.

Can pregnancy cause disease?

This really happens. In some women, although this is rare, the condition of the breast worsens with the onset of pregnancy. But, it happens in those whose breast tissues are initially susceptible to the formation of cysts.

As a rule, the 2nd trimester is easier than the first. Breast pain caused by hormonal changes and familiar even to healthy women disappears.

The need for observation by a mammologist

Fibrocystic mastopathy and pregnancy do not always coexist peacefully, differences are possible even within the same diagnosis. The degree of progression of the disease in all patients is different.

Pregnancy and long-term breastfeeding can relieve symptoms only in mild forms. Will the disease go away in a particular woman? - Ask your doctor.

It should not be forgotten that mastopathy can be considered as a harbinger of cancer. We emphasize: it is a harbinger. Strictly speaking, no form of mastopathy is the beginning of cancerous formations. But it should be borne in mind that the risk factors for developing mastopathy almost one to one coincide with the risk factors for developing cancer.

Proliferation and cancer

To assess the risk of developing cancer, the form of mastopathy is taken into account: proliferative or non-proliferative.

Explanation: proliferation is not a pathology, this term refers to the process of cell division.

Proliferation may be absent, may be pronounced, may be mild. The development of cancer is possible in the first case by 0.86%, in the second - 31.4%, in the third - 2.34%. If the patient has relatives who have had breast cancer, the risk is several times higher, regardless of which group she belongs to.

Treatment

With advanced forms, surgical intervention is possible.

Patients with an initial form of mastopathy during pregnancy do not require treatment. With fibrocystic mastopathy and diffuse forms, previously prescribed hormonal drugs are canceled, only natural supplements, decoctions, infusions, fees and funds remain. If the popular drug Mastodinone was prescribed, it is also canceled.

You can put compresses. And also pregnant women are shown:

Wearing comfortable underwear.
No stress. The stress relief techniques that can be applied are varied - physical exercise, auto-training, swimming, meditation, favorite hobbies, etc.
A menu with foods rich in B vitamins (cereals, carrots, apricots, nuts, etc.), you should especially pay attention to vitamin B 17, and with a minimum amount of fat.
Reduce or eliminate foods high in caffeine and theobromine (tea, coffee, cocoa, chocolate, soda).
Reduce your sodium intake.
Be wary of diuretics, which are often prescribed in the last trimester of pregnancy. Many of them drain water from anywhere but the mammary glands, and can even contribute to increased cyst formation.

Compresses

Exacerbation can be treated with compresses. Recipes:

Mix equal parts of ground fresh burdock root, honey and castor oil with fresh lemon juice to the consistency of porridge. Spread on a clean cloth or gauze with compresses overnight. Course - 2 weeks.
Grind the baked onion, without a few top layers, add 1 tbsp. fly in the ointment. After spreading on tissues, apply to places where there are seals, keep until symptoms are relieved, changing the bandage to a fresh one every 9 hours.
Mix a tablespoon of golden root powder with half a glass of grated fresh carrots and the same amount of beet juice, add 4 tbsp. tablespoons of any base oil (good for sea buckthorn oil). Use as a chest compress, change every 5 hours. Course - 2 weeks.

Means inside

Inside, you can take natural phytoestrogens, which are nothing more than a good dietary supplement. In the indicated dosages, they can be considered as a complex of vitamins:

Elderberry juice - take 2 times a day, one tablespoon.
Linseed oil. Flaxseeds are added to salads, snacks, pastries - no more than 2 tablespoons per day. Flaxseed oil (also 2 tablespoons a day) can be taken in any trimester of pregnancy and even before childbirth.

Any recipes, even at first glance harmless, can not only help, but also harm. They must be agreed with the attending physician.

External funds

With local inflammation, ichthyol cream can be used - one of the few that is indicated during pregnancy. They can also prescribe: Levomekol, Heparin ointment, Traumeel gel.

Absolutely safe and according to reviews effective method- applications from clay. Clay is powerful natural sorbent. Blue or red clay is kneaded with water to the consistency of very thick sour cream, spread in a dense thick layer on a disturbing place, covered with a cloth, held until the clay becomes dry and hot, 2-3 times a day, for 2 weeks.

Delay conception

Mastopathy itself cannot be an obstacle to getting pregnant and giving birth. But if it is accompanied by the diseases listed below (and this happens often, because these diseases have one systemic, hormonal, cause), then it is more advisable to undergo a course of treatment before conception:

polycystic ovaries;
endometriosis;
adnexitis;
liver disease;
thyroid disease.

Thus, it cannot be said that mastopathy and childbirth are incompatible things. But sometimes it is desirable to remove seals, for example, if we are talking about a fairly large fibroadenoma.

Despite the fact that this is a painless seal, it is impossible to guarantee that unwanted changes will not occur in it during pregnancy. Doctors don't have a consensus.

IVF method

Mastopathy and eco is a more complicated issue. If mastopathy does not interfere with normal conception in any way, then it can really interfere with in vitro fertilization.

Mastopathy is not a direct contraindication to IVF, but is relative.

Hormonal stimulation during IVF greatly affects the condition of the reproductive organs, including the breasts. Stimulation of estrogen production can indeed aggravate the course of the disease, however, if changes in the breast are minor, the risk can be neglected, because further pregnancy and breastfeeding will compensate for the negative effect.

However, risk is not always ignored. Assessing the possibility of IVF for mastopathy, a mammologist can give any conclusion: “there are no contraindications to the procedure”, “there are contraindications”, “it is indicated before the procedure ...”.

It all depends on the age of the patient, the stage of development of the disease, a family history of cancer (whether close relatives had breast cancer). Even widespread fibrocystic mastopathy before IVF will require careful analysis.

Situations are ambiguous. For example, a patient with adenomas has close relatives who had breast cancer, therefore, before IVF, it is indicated to remove adenomas before the procedure, however, formations in the breast can stimulate the production of estradiol, the fall of which is undesirable before IVF.

That is, the assessment of the risk of aggravation of the disease before ovarian stimulation is carried out separately for each patient. It is important to identify the proliferation of the epithelium in the mammary gland - for this, a cyst puncture is prescribed and they look to see if there are proliferative cells. If they are, doing IVF is really dangerous, and you need to pre-treat mastopathy.

conclusions

Mastopathy is a class of diseases, everything is decided individually.
Mastopathy does not affect pregnancy, its onset and course.
Pregnancy improves the condition of the mammary glands, however, depending on the type of mastopathy, treatment may be required: compresses, diet, and in some cases, surgery.
Treatment of mastopathy during pregnancy is carried out conservatively, except in cases where surgical intervention is required.
IVF, namely hormonal stimulation of the ovaries, can aggravate the course of the disease, but mastopathy is not a direct contraindication to in vitro fertilization.
Serious observation and treatment will require nodular forms of mastopathy, diffuse, most likely, will not be an obstacle to artificial conception.

Watch the video for more information on this topic.

It's important to know! In women who have not given birth before the age of 25-30, fibrocystic disease (mastopathy) does not cause much concern, but closer to 30, especially during pregnancy and after childbirth, 80 percent of women develop a complication of mastopathy. Along with women who have not given birth, many mothers who devote almost all their time to their baby forget about their health or think that this problem is trifling and will pass by itself. Expectant mothers are in an even more difficult situation - during pregnancy and breastfeeding, many pharmaceutical preparations are prohibited. Did you know that mastopathy, if it is not treated in time, making the prevention of the disease, can cause breast cancer. About an all-natural remedy for mastopathy (fibrocystic disease), compatible with breastfeeding and pregnancy read here...

What should you know about this fairly common female problem? Candidate of Medical Sciences, surgeon-oncologist of the St. Petersburg hospital "LOMO" Igor Alexandrovich CHIZH advises.

risk group. According to various sources, from 20 to 60% of all women suffer from mastopathy. Most often it worries young people. The peak incidence occurs in 20-30 years. This is explained quite simply - the appearance of mastopathy is associated with hormonal imbalance.

It is often combined with various gynecological complications - ovarian cysts, menstrual disorders, fibroids or infertility. Therefore, breast problems are very often detected by gynecologists. Having made their diagnosis, they look for other manifestations of hormonal disorders. And very often these searches lead to the discovery of mastopathy.

Essence. Mastopathy is a violation of the structure of the mammary gland. Connective tissue grows in it, and cysts appear.

Symptoms. A fairly typical clinic - the chest is rough and sore before the onset of menstruation.

But in some cases, a woman does not even know that she suffers from mastopathy: she does not manifest herself in any way. And it is revealed by chance, and then the tactics of most doctors is waiting. That is, doctors recommend that their patients have regular examinations, which should be carried out at least once a year. If such preventive examinations do not show further development disease, then there is nothing to worry about.

If the symptoms of mastopathy are very pronounced - the chest hurts before each menstruation, seals are felt in it, then it should be treated.

Methods of treatment. In each case, they are different. Therapy is selected individually. Sometimes vitamins A and E are prescribed, sometimes certain dietary supplements are prescribed.

But most often, treatment is aimed at normalizing the hormonal background. This is achieved with the help of contraceptive preparations containing a well-defined amount of hormones. They have a beneficial effect on the course of some gynecological diseases and eliminate the cause of mastopathy. Her symptoms may disappear or decrease as early as 2-3 months after the start of taking contraceptives. If this did not happen, then the doctor should think about changing the drug - it is likely that the ratio of hormones was not chosen correctly.

With mastopathy, diet is very important. It has been proven that the course of the disease is adversely affected by the consumption of coffee, cola and cocoa. These drinks should appear as rarely as possible in a woman's diet. But some well-known products, on the contrary, are able to protect against almost all diseases of the mammary glands, in particular from mastopathy.

Cabbage has a similar effect. It contains indoles - substances that have a beneficial effect on the hormonal background of a woman.

It is also very good to eat more soy products - bean curd, soy flour, soy milk or soy meat.

It is important. Mastopathy - benign tumor. But sometimes it can degenerate into a malignant one. Given this danger, women should definitely conduct a self-examination of the mammary glands. This should be done every month on the 5-7th day of the menstrual cycle.

How to palpate the chest?

Palpation - that is, palpation - is carried out with fingertips. The left gland should be palpated right hand and the right gland to the left.

Each mammary gland must be conditionally divided into four parts, mentally drawing two lines perpendicular to each other through the center of the nipple. Particular attention should be paid to the upper outer quadrant, which is located closest to the armpit.

Palpation should begin with him and move clockwise, feeling first the outer half of the chest, and then the inner one. The first is superficial palpation, then the pressure increases and the deeper layers are examined. In this case, the fingers should make circular or sorting movements - it is not necessary to press hard on the chest.

This procedure must be carried out carefully, slowly, methodically feeling each part. Then the woman will have a great opportunity to assess the condition of the mammary glands.

Any change from the previous self-examination is a reason to see a doctor. If the picture does not change, then everything is in order. No extraordinary visits to the mammologist are needed. Enough scheduled inspections.